che_november-2024 - 35

ments in research and development
are also crucial to drive down costs
and improve the economic viability
of these approaches. Depending on
the target of the olefin plant, increasing
olefin yield, severity and, consequently,
margin or emissions and
energy reduction, different strategies
could be taken. In addition, considering
carbon taxes or carbon capture
cost can further influence the margin.
The study outlined here shows
that hydrogen integration (partial
or complete) is the most efficient
way to decarbonize steam crackers,
while resulting in energy savings
by lowering fuel consumption
rate. However, switching to a rich
hydrogen feedstock may require
a revamp of the unit due to operational
and design constraints that
must be addressed. In the next few
years, by lowering the cost of blue
or green hydrogen, fuel switching
to hydrogen will become even
more economical.
■
Edited by Mary Page Bailey
Call the
Solids Mixing
Ribbon & Cone Blenders
Fluidizing Mixers
Sigma Blade Mixers
(also for high-viscosity mixing)
Size Reduction
Wet & Dry Size Reduction
Steel & Ceramic Lined Mills
Jars & Jar Rolling Mills
Vacuum Drying
Dryers & Complete Systems
References
1. Precedence Research, Ethylene Market Size To Rise $287 Billion
By 2030, September 2024.
2. Precedence Research, Polyolefin Market Size, Share, and Trends
2024 to 2034, September 2024.
3. Davarnejad, R., " Alkenes - Recent Advances, New Perspectives
and Applications, " IntechOpen, London, November 2021.
4. Ren, T., Patel, M. and Blok, K., Olefins from conventional and
heavy feedstocks: Energy use in steam cracking and alternative
processes, Energy, Vol. 31, Issue 4, March 2006, pp.
425-451.
5. Ren, T., Patel, M. and Blok, K., Steam cracking and methane
to olefins: Energy use, CO2 emissions and production costs,
Energy, Vol. 33, Issue 5, May 2008, pp. 817-833.
6. Amghizar, I., Vandewalle, L., Van Geem, K. and Marin, G., New
Trends in Olefin Production, Engineering, Vol. 3, Issue 2, April
2017, pp. 171-178.
7. Zimmermann, H., Walzl, R., " Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial
Chemistry, " Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim,
Germany, 2009, pp. 465-520.
8. Middleton, J., Decarbonization of steam crackers, Decarbonization
Technology, November 2021.
9. Chuapet, W., Limphitakphong, N., Tantisattayakul, T., others,
A Study of Energy Intensity and Carbon Intensity from Olefin
Plants in Thailand, The 3rd International Conference on Industrial
Engineering and Applications, August 2016.
10. International Energy Agency (IEA), Achieving Net Zero Heavy
Industry Sectors in G7 Members, May 2022.
11. International Energy Agency (IEA), Chemical and Petrochemical
Sector: Potential of best-practice technology and other measures
for improving energy efficiency, September 2009.
12. Lehle, T., CO2 Reduction Measures in Steam Cracker Plants,
Chalmers University of Technology Dept. of Space, Earth and
Environment, Gothenburg, Sweden, June 2022.
13. Guillaume, J., Overview of CO2 Capture Methods in the Petrochemical
and Refining Industry, TIEEP Energy Forum, Houston,
September 2022.
14. Mynki, O., Brown, D., Amghizar, I. and others, Reducing CO2
emissions of existing ethylene plants: Evaluation of different refor
all your solids processing
Experts
Applications:
APIs ∙ Ag-Chemicals
Biologics ∙ Catalysts
Ceramics ∙ Chemicals
Food Ingredients
Herbicides ∙ Minerals
Nutraceuticals ∙ Pesticides
Pharmaceuticals ∙ Pigments
Polymers ∙ Powdered Metals
Proteins ∙ Resins ∙ Vitamins
vamp strategies to reduce global CO2 emission by 100 million
tonnes, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 362, August 2022.
15. Young, B., Hawkins, T., Chiquelin, C. and others, Environmental
lifecycle assessment of olefins and by-product hydrogen from
steam cracking of natural gas liquids, naphtha, and gas oil,
Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 359, July 2022.
16. Djokic, M., Van Geem K., Jeynderickx, G. and others, IMPROOF:
Integrated model guided process optimization of steam cracking
furnaces, Universiteit Gent Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
April 2017; www.improof.cerfacs.fr.
17. Jackson, S., The History of Ethylene Furnace Profiled Tube, published
on LinkedIn, November 2021.
18. Moosavi, S. and Tahery, R., Integrating Gas Turbines with Cracking
Heaters in Ethylene Plants, International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 6, June 2014.
19. Van Goethem, M., Barendregt, S., Grievink, J. and others, A kinetic
modelling study of ethane cracking for optimal ethylene
yield, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Vol. 91,
Issue 6, June 2013, pp. 309-318.
20. Vangaever, S., Van Thielen, J., Hood, J. and others, The Effect
of Refractory Wall Emissivity on the Energy Efficiency of a GasFired
Steam Cracking Pilot Unit, Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 4,
February 2021.
Author
Ghoncheh Rasouli is a product
manager and R&D engineer focused
on process simulation and
modeling software at KBC Global
(Email:
ghoncheh.rasouli@kbc.
global). She is an expert in industrial
polymer process simulation
with a focus on decarbonization
and the circular economy. She
holds a Ph.D. in chemical engineering
from McGill University, with special focus on
computational modeling of polymer-phase separation
kinetics.
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