Chemical Engineering April 2022 - 4

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Climate change and food security
A
new, extensive report examining the impacts of climate
change around the world warns that the effects of climate
change are more widespread with further-reaching consequences
than previously thought. Compiled by 270 authors
from 67 countries, the report [1] was released on February 28 by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; www.ipcc.ch),
the United Nations (UN) body for assessing the science related to
climate change. With the world focused on the immediate global concerns
of the devastating war in Europe and the pandemic that has
not yet loosened its grip around the globe, news of the stark warnings
outlined in the IPCC report may have been somewhat overshadowed.
Losses, damage and displacement of people due to extreme
weather events, including droughts, wildfires, heatwaves, cyclones
and floods; stresses to our food supply, water scarcity and an increase
in disease are some of the devastating effects of climate change cited
by the report. Along with a warning that extreme events are projected
to increase in magnitude and frequency with irreversible changes, the
report calls for urgent global action to avert the worst-case scenarios.
Stressing the importance of immediate action, IPCC Working Group II
Co-Chair Hans-Otto Pörtner said " The scientific evidence is unequivocal:
climate change is a threat to human wellbeing and the health
of the planet. Any further delay in concerted global action will miss
a brief and rapidly closing window to secure a liveable future. " The
next report by the IPCC, focusing on mitigation of climate change, is
expected to be released in April of this year.
Food insecurity
The projected impacts of climate change as outlined in Chapter 5
of the IPCC report include that some regions will no longer be suitable
for crops or livestock, outdoor workers and livestock will be
more exposed to extreme weather conditions, food safety will be
impacted by higher temperatures and humidity, and fisheries and
aquaculture productivity will decline. There are, of course, other
factors in addition to climate change heightening concerns about
global food security, such as increasing population, economics and
effects of the pandemic.
Alternate sources of protein for food are being pursued to help
address food shortage concerns. One alternate protein source for
human consumption mentioned in the IPCC report and also recommended
as an area where chemical engineers can have an impact
in the report " New Directions for Chemical Engineering " by the National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (Washington,
D.C.; www.nationalacademies.org) is laboratory-grown meat.
Also called " clean meat " or " cultivated meat, " this protein source
is produced by growing animal cells in a controlled environment.
According to McKinsey & Company [2], the cultivated-meat market
could reach $25 billion by 2030, depending on consumer acceptance
and price. Approval of consumption of the
laboratory-grown meat by regulatory authorities is
also a factor. Interest in this field is growing quickly,
with pilot plants already in operation. For more,
see our Newsfront in this issue, " A Taste of Foods
to Come, " pp. 13-16.
■
Dorothy Lozowski, Editorial Director
1. IPCC, 2022: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution
of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate, Cambridge University Press. In Press. https://report.ipcc.ch
2. McKinsey & Company, " Cultivated meat: Out of the lab into the frying pan, " June 16,
2021. www.mckinsey.com
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WWW.CHEMENGONLINE.COM
APRIL 2022
http://www.ipcc.ch http://www.nationalacademies.org http://www.accessintel.com https://report.ipcc.ch http://www.mckinsey.com http://WWW.CHEMENGONLINE.COM
Chemical Engineering April 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering April 2022
