Chemical Engineering April 2023 - 31

TABLE 2. PROCESS IMPACT FROM OPERATING SPEED - CENTRIGUAL
COMPRESSOR DRIVER
Existing steam turbine
3,300 rpm with discharge at 140 psia
Fixed-speed motor available
3,600 rpm with discharge at 160 psia
3,200 rpm with discharge at 120 psia
Process alterations may be required
Variable-speed motor available
3,300 rpm with discharge at 140 psia
FIGURE 3. Electrification can have a significant impact on processes when considering
the available motor operating speeds
* Motor starting - to check if the
new motor can be started without
impacting the system voltage
These are complex studies that
can be performed by an experienced
electrical engineer using commercially
available electrical-analysis and
simulation software, such as ETAP,
SKM and Power Factory.
One consideration in starting large
motor loads is to apply reducedvoltage
starting methods using an
autotransformer, capacitor, reactor
or even an adjustable-speed drive.
Each of these
motor-starting
schemes
have
ent
differcapital
costs,
so it is
important
to
evaluate
best
the
option
that fits the
mechanical
or
process
needs of
the load.
Upgrades
to the existing electrical infrastructure
may include additional utility
power, including new transmission
lines to take delivery of power at a
higher
voltage
has one).
The new electrical configuration
will impact equipment in both the
main and unit substations. Most
likely the transformers, switchgear
and other power equipment will require
upgrades. The new electrical
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Steam systems
The electric motors will reduce
steam demand when replacing
steam drivers. However, it is important
to understand the overall impact
to the steam balance at the various
or
generation
site's cogeneration plant for more
power
expanding
(if
the
the
facility
system will likely have dedicated
substations for these large loads.
There may also be an impact to
the facility's underground and above
ground electrical infrastructure, as
well as remove the associated effects
on pipeways and other
structural
needs to support the new conduit or
trays that will feed the new loads.
Lastly, the design must consider
construction and cutover challenges.
If electrification is done in an existing
operating facility, the electrical
upgrades need to be well planned.
Electrical work requires equipment
to be de-energized, so the tendency
is to schedule that work during a
turnaround (TAR) or during scheduled
maintenance to minimize the
impact to the operating facility, which
may impose a significant constraint
on the project schedule.
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APRIL 2023
31
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Chemical Engineering April 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering April 2023
