Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 29
not have a compressor at all, where
the flow travels from a boiler to a lower
temperature and pressure trapping. in
this case, while there is no compressor
to operate on a curve, the flowrate is
still determined by the frictional losses
in the system. it can be helpful to define
these losses as " resistance, " with an indirect
relationship with flow. the more
resistance in a system, the less flow will
be generated.
now that the basics of flow control
CIC-10307 halfp page ad.qxd 3/25/07 6:19 PM Page 1
have been discussed, let's get into a
compressible-flow-specific topic: sonic
choking. most process engineers do
not instigate choked flow on purpose,
but it is a form of controlled flow, nonetheless.
Sonic choking occurs when the
velocity of the fluid is the same as the
local speed of sound (that is, having a
mach number of 1). this tends to occur
at restrictions in the pipe, such as control
valves. aside from flowing through
a special converging-diverging nozzle,
this is the limit of flow. no matter how
low you drop the downstream pressure,
you will not drive any more flow. it is very
important for engineers to keep an eye
on gas velocities through control valves
because they may be approaching that
choke point.
Pressure control
it was previously mentioned that a pressure
differential is the driving force for
flow. in any case other than choked
flow, engineers can control flow by controlling
the pressure in the system. although
the goal may be to control flow,
keep in mind that an operator actually
controls the driving force behind it, not
the end-controlled variable directly.
perhaps an engineer is more interested
in controlling pressure than controlling
flow. that is, pressure becomes
the controlled variable. when dealing
with a steam system, you may want your
pressure to remain low enough to avoid
condensation and slug flow in your lines.
maybe you are interested in keeping a
high-enough pressure downstream to
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For details visit adlinks.chemengonline.com/76991-11
ChemiCal engineering www.Chemengonline.Com June 2020
29
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Chemical Engineering June 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering June 2020
Contents
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - Cover1
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - Cover2
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - Contents
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 2
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 3
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 4
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 5
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 6
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 7
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 8
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 9
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 10
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 11
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 12
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 13
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 14
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 15
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 16
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 17
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 18
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 19
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 20
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 21
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 22
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 23
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 24
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 25
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 26
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 27
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 28
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 29
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 30
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 31
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 32
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 33
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 34
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 35
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 36
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 37
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 38
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 39
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 40
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 41
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 42
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 43
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 44
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 45
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 46
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 47
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 48
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 49
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 50
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 51
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 52
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 53
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 54
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 55
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - 56
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - Cover3
Chemical Engineering June 2020 - Cover4
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