Chemical Engineering May 2013 - 52

Engineering Practice
Source: TEMA
Front-end
stationary head types
E
A
Channel and
removable cover
F
Two pass shell
with longitudinal baffle
B
G
Bonnet (integral cover)
H
C
Removable
tube
bundle
only
Channel integral with tubesheet
and removable cover
J
Divided flow
N
K
Channel integral with tubesheet
and removable cover
Kettle type reboiler
U-tube bundle
D
Special high pressure
closure
X
W
Cross flow
Externally sealed
floating tubesheet
FIGURE 3. TEMA exchanger-type codes provide a shorthand for different basic designs and construction methods
expected in service. Consider the following
guidelines:
1. To arrive at the design temperature,
add a margin of 30°C (50°F) to the
maximum allowable operating temperature
of the exchanger.
2. Similarly, the design pressure can be
calculated by adding an appropriate
margin to the maximum allowable
operating pressure.
3. If the process hazard analysis has
identified tube rupture as a hazard,
to avoid the need to design a pressure
relief valve for the tube rupture
case, the shellside design pressure
must be at least 77% of the tubeside
design pressure (the " 10/13 " rule).
For instance, if the tubeside design
pressure is 500 psig, the minimum
shellside design pressure should be
500 × 10/13 = 385 psig. The logic of
this is that ASME codes require the
shell to be hydraulically tested at
1.3 times its design pressure, so tube
rupture - which is generally considered
an unlikely event - would
not pressurize the shell beyond its
test pressure.
4. When deciding the design temperature,
consider routine operations
50 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WWW.CHE.COM MAY 2013
such as steaming of the heat exchanger
during maintenance.
Design codes. Under ASME rules, if
the operating pressure is higher than
15 psig, then the heat exchanger is
considered a pressure vessel, and the
pressure-vessel design code ASME
section VIII, Div. 1 or 2 applies. Similar
logic applies to different pressure
vessel codes used outside the U.S. and
Canada; make sure you use the code
appropriate to the country in which
the equipment will be used.
The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers
Assn., Inc. (TEMA; Tarrytown, N.Y.;
U
T
Pull through floating head
Double split flow
S
Floating head
with backing device
Split flow
P
Outside packed
floating head
N
Fixed tubesheet
like " N " stationary head
One pass shell
Shell types
Rear-end
head types
L
Fixed tubesheet
like " A " stationary head
M
Fixed tubesheet
like " B " stationary head

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Chemical Engineering May 2013

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering May 2013

Contents
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - Cover1
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - Cover2
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - Contents
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - 2
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - 3
Chemical Engineering May 2013 - 4
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Chemical Engineering May 2013 - Cover3
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