www.chemengonline.com May 2017 Cover Story 42 Part 1 Implementing an 'Integrity Operating Window' Program An effective Integrity Operating Window (IOW) program - which establishes safe operating limits and acceptable limits of process variations before an asset begins to incur degradation - can help operators to stay ahead of potential repairs and reduce risk 50 Part 2 Rethinking Maintenance: Transitioning to a Proactive Approach Deploying well-timed audits and properly training employees are among the steps companies can take to realize maintenance strategies that are proactive rather than reactive In the News 9 Chementator Piloting a 'revolutionary' approach to olefin cracking; Fuelupgrading catalyst boosts lifetimes and supports sustainability; A more efficient way to reduce emissions from nitric acid plants; Novel approach to Si-metal anodes could lower Li-ion battery costs; Debut of a coal-to-ethanol plant; and more 14 Business News LyondellBasell announces HDPE technology license in Dalian; Cepsa expands production of linear alkylbenzene in Brazil; Total-Hanwha JV to expand refining and petrochemicals platform; Lanxess increases capacities for iron oxide pigments in Germany and Brazil; and more 16 Newsfront Refineries Explore IIoT Tools to Maximize Profits New Industrial-Internet-of-Things and cloud-enabled digital tools give petroleum refiners new avenues to increase profitability and safety, but also require greater attention to cybersecurity 22 Newsfront The Financial Benefits of Water Treatment Due to the rising costs of water use and disposal, improved treatment technologies make economic sense Technical and Practical 38 Facts at your Fingertips Pressure-Based Level Measurement This one-page reference provides information on technologies that utilize the pressure exerted by liquids to determine level in tanks and vessels 40 Technology Profile Ammonia Production from Natural Gas This process description outlines the manufacture of ammonia beginning with natural gas as a raw material 54 Feature Report Storage Tanks: Heating and Cooling System Design Various heating and cooling options are described here, along with the factors and design parameters that need to be considered. A sample calculation regarding coils is included 22 16 42 Volume 124 | no. 5 50 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WWW.CHEMENGONLINE.COM MAY 2017 1http://www.chemengonline.com http://WWW.CHEMENGONLINE.COM