Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 22
Kirkpatrick Award
channel technology into operation was
to develop a reactor design capable of
efficient and effective heat management
in both exothermic and endothermic
reactions.
In the case of the endothermic
SMR reaction - in which natural
gas is mixed with steam and passed
over a catalyst to produce synthesis
gas - Velocys scientists constructed
a network in which the SMR process
occurs in channels adjacent to those
for heat-generating combustion of hydrogen
gas. Heat-transfer properties
of the microchannels increase the efficiency
of the process. The M-shaped
pattern of channels allows the reactor
to have a cold end and hot end, which
simplifies installation - all supports
and manifolding are attached to the
cold end, and the hot end is allowed to
expand freely.
For the F-T reactor, the same heattransfer
properties are key, as the synthesis
gas is converted to parafinnic
hydrocarbons over a cobalt catalyst.
Thousands of process channels filled
with catalyst are interleaved with
coolant channels, resulting in exceptionally
high heat flux, Velocys says.
Another engineering challenge
revolved around the manufacturing
for the reactors. Velocys developed a
new manufacturing process, known
as laminate construction, in which
photochemically machined shims
are precisely stacked and joined by
diffusion bonding, brazing or welding.
The parallel microchannels are
formed by interleaving thin sheets of
formed material (shims) with solid
sheets (walls).
Specially designed catalysts had to
be designed as well, in order to maximize
the benefits of the microchannels.
Using Oxford's OMX method,
a highly selective catalyst was developed
with activities an order of
magnitude higher than conventional
catalysts. The proprietary OMX
method uses an organic component in
the calcination procedure to modify
the catalyst properties such that the
metal crystallites are of the optimum
size to maximize activity, selectivity
and stability for a given application.
In demonstrations of the catalyst
productivity, the Oxford catalyst
achieved 1,500 kg/m3/h, compared to
productivities of 100 and 200 kg/m3/h
for conventional fixed-bed and slurrybed
reactors, respectively.
See us at the Chem Show - Booth #429
Circle 14 on p. 78 or go to adlinks.che.com/35070-14
22 ChemiCal engineering www.Che.Com oCtober 2011
Commercial activity
After successful demonstration of its
GTL process at a facility in Güssing,
Austria, Velocys is working on fulfilling
commercial orders. One order
comes from the Portugese company
SGC Energia for a microchannel
BTL facility. Another order comes
from an integrated GTL facility in
Brazil that includes both microchannel
F-T and microchannel SMR. The
Brazil plant is slated to start operation
in Fall 2011.
■
Scott Jenkins
http://adlinks.che.com/35070-14
http://www.Che.Com
Chemical Engineering October 2011
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering October 2011
Contents
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - Cover1
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - Cover2
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - Contents
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 2
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 3
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 4
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 5
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 6
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 7
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 8
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 9
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 10
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 11
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 12
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 13
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 14
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 15
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 16
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 17
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 18
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 19
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 20
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 21
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 22
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 23
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 24
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 25
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 26
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 27
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 28
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 29
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 30
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 31
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 32
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 33
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 34
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 35
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 36
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 37
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 38
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 39
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 40
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 41
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 42
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 43
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 44
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 45
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 46
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 47
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 48
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 49
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 50
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 51
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 52
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 53
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 54
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 55
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Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 57
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 58
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Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 60
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 61
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Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 82
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 83
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 84
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 85
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 86
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 87
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - 88
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - Cover3
Chemical Engineering October 2011 - Cover4
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