Chemical Engineering September 2020 - 41

Table 1. DNF DesigN ParameTers
Parameter
Coagulation retention time
Flocculation retention time
Flotation rise velocity (excluding recycle flow)
Recirculation rate (feed flow)
Maximum water temperature
Coagulant dosing
Polymer dosing
Floated sludge concentration
Value
4 min
10 min
4 m/h at maximum flow
30%
40ºC
5 ppm as Fe3+
1 ppm
35 gal/DS
costs compared to pressure-filtration processes.
several design parameters must be considered to ensure
a reliable mBr system. these are described in the
following sections.
The organic loading rate, or F/M ratio. this is measured
by the amount of food provided divided by the
amount of biomass or reactor volume for a unit of time,
and is a function of cod and the amount of volatile suspended
solids (vss). the value should typically range
from 0.1 to 0.3 kg of cod per kg of vss.
MBR hydraulic retention time (HRT). this is defined as
the sum of all reactor volumes divided by influent flow. mBrs
operate effectively at a shorter time compared to conventional
aerobic systems. the typical hrt should range from
3 to 6 hours (2 to 4 hours in the aeration tanks, plus 1 to 2
hours in the membrane tank), compared to approximately
4 to 8 hours with conventional activated-sludge systems.
Solids retention time (SRT). this is the average time
that the activated-sludge solids are in the system. the
srt should vary from 12 to 20 days, with consideration
paid to the lower end due to the higher possibility
of membrane fouling associated with lower srt
values. the average mixed-liquor suspended-solids
(mlss) concentration should typically be between 8,000
and 10,000 mg/l.
Oxygen uptake rate (OUR). this measures the oxygen
consumption rate per mixed liquor volume. it should
range from about 80 to 100 mg/l/h.
Water-treatment plant design
when completed, the full-scale 1,200-gal/min wastewater-treatment
plant was engineered to handle a complex
wastewater flow resulting from multiple combined waste
streams generated at the sasol lake charles complex.
Table 2. eFFlueNT QualiTy aND CharaCTerisTiCs FollowiNg
DNF TreaTmeNT
Parameter
Wastewater flow
Wastewater temperature
Total suspended solids (TSS)
Volatile suspended solids
Chemical oxygen demand
pH
Alkalinity
Design value average
352 gal/min
35.6°C
25 mg/L
22.5 mg/L
1,275 mg/L
7.0
250 mg/L as CaCO3
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Chemical Engineering September 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering September 2020

Contents
Chemical Engineering September 2020 - Cover1
Chemical Engineering September 2020 - Cover2
Chemical Engineering September 2020 - Contents
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