Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 43

system is simply lost.
FIGURE 5. Vortex flowmeters are designed for
leak-free performance over years of continuous
operation. An integrated temperature sensor adds
multivariable capabilities
careful monitoring and management
to ensure steam is delivered to every
application that needs it, while minimizing
energy loss. This is harder than
it sounds as the average efficiency of
a typical system is only 56%, so more
than 40% of the energy put into the
The ideal steam-distribution system
optimizes the amount of steam
distributed, monitors for losses and
emissions and responds quickly to
changing demand levels. Accurate
measurement of flow, temperature,
and pressure are critical for optimizing
these systems.
Steam-flow measurement is critical
because it is the basis for evaluating
the effectiveness and efficiency
of an entire steam generation and
distribution system. While steam is
simple in concept, the different types
of steam used in industrial facilities
require different considerations for
measurement, as follows:
* Saturated-steam measurement
ideally should compensate for density
and energy changes, and it can
be done with either temperature or
pressure compensation
* Wet steam is the most complicated
and is dependent on the
amount of condensate in the line
* Superheated steam is more complex
and should include both temperature
and pressure compensation
Facilities often use DP flowmeters
for steam-flow measurement, and
these can be very practical when
supplemented with temperature and
line pressure measurements.
Vortex flowmeters (Figure 5) measure
flow via the frequency of alternating
vortices formed as the fluid
passes a bluff body inserted in the
flow. Vortex designs provide less
pressure drop, avoidance of impulse
lines, greater turndown and improved
accuracy. They also have high turndown
ratios, so they operate easily
where flow is highly variable.
Compensated vortex meters are
available to provide improved steam
flow measurement. The improved
measurements provide a much better
understanding of steam usage by the
different unit operations in the plant
and steam loss, along with a better
picture of overall balance around the
steam distribution system. This information
can be sent to an energy
management system (EMS) to provide
more information, including imCHEMICAL
ENGINEERING WWW.CHEMENGONLINE.COM
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SEPTEMBER 2023
43

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Chemical Engineering September 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering September 2023

Chemical Engineering September 2023 - Intro
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - Cover1
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - Cover2
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 1
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 2
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 3
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 4
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 5
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 6
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 7
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 8
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 9
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 10
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 11
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 12
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 13
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 14
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 15
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 16
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 17
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 18
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 19
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 20
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 21
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 22
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 23
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 24
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 25
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 26
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 27
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 28
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 29
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 30
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 31
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 32
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 33
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 34
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 35
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 36
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 37
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 38
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 39
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 40
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 41
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 42
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 43
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 44
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 45
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 46
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 47
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 48
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 49
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 50
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 51
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 52
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 53
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 54
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 55
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 56
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 57
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 58
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 59
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 60
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 61
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 62
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 63
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - 64
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - Cover3
Chemical Engineering September 2023 - Cover4
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