Professional Identities in Living-Learning Communities Table 2 Professional Identity Results by Subscale Gender Male Female First-generation Yes No Unknown Knowledge M SD p Experience M SD p Role Model M SD p Self-efficacy M SD p Preference M SD p Total M SD p 3.64 0.70 0.51 2.92 0.85 0.42 3.74 0.67 0.48 3.84 0.44 0.55 2.28 0.65 0.79 3.28 0.47 0.79 3.59 0.64 2.85 0.77 3.79 0.58 3.81 0.40 2.30 0.63 3.27 0.40 3.66 0.68 0.43 2.74 0.94 0.23 3.78 0.73 0.43 3.84 0.49 0.86 2.33 0.63 0.39 3.27 0.49 0.81 3.59 0.68 2.88 0.78 3.72 0.62 3.83 0.41 2.26 0.65 3.26 0.44 3.88 0.62 3.42 0.87 4.02 0.64 3.77 0.46 2.34 0.62 3.49 0.50 Race White 3.59 0.68 0.05 2.89 0.83 0.00 3.73 0.65 0.10 3.85 0.39 0.61 2.30 0.66 0.76 3.27 0.45 0.03 International 3.95 0.63 3.47 0.88 4.04 0.64 3.81 0.49 2.30 0.63 3.52 0.51 Hispanic/Latino 3.66 0.74 2.78 0.81 3.75 0.72 3.80 0.47 2.29 0.64 3.26 0.49 Black only/ +2 or more 3.41 0.74 2.73 0.80 3.50 0.55 4.04 0.43 2.09 0.63 3.15 0.37 Asian 3.57 0.56 2.90 0.69 3.72 0.51 3.78 0.46 2.23 0.61 3.24 0.35 American Indian 3.67 3.00 4.00 3.83 1.50 3.20 Two or more / excluding Black 3.46 0.50 2.58 0.62 3.81 0.46 3.77 0.39 2.19 0.70 3.16 0.33 Years at institution First-year 3.58 0.68 0.32 2.84 0.81 0.54 3.75 0.64 0.19 3.87 0.40 0.00 2.26 0.65 0.44 3.26 0.44 0.92 Second-year 3.76 0.79 3.16 0.96 3.90 0.71 3.79 0.47 2.29 0.69 3.38 0.57 Third-year 3.73 0.54 2.87 0.66 3.53 0.56 3.71 0.49 2.23 0.60 3.22 0.38 Fourth-year 3.65 0.60 2.94 0.71 3.72 0.61 3.60 0.41 2.42 0.66 3.26 0.41 Graduate Total 3.63 0.68 2.90 0.83 3.76 0.65 3.83 0.43 2.28 0.65 3.28 0.45 V O L U M E 4 7 , NO. 1 * 2 0 2 0 73