Journal of College & University Student Housing Vol. 47 No. 2 - 76

and emotional support (from the URES survey items). The level of significance found
in this analysis promoted further investigation into the relationship of the independent variable (hall design types) on each
subscale separately. Practically speaking,
this finding affirmed that students do have
different levels of SOC outcomes based on
their experiences with select types of residence hall designs.

	
Results of the two-way MANOVA confirmed that gender combined with residence
hall design type offered statistically significant interaction effects with regard to SOC
outcomes for residence hall students. Based
on the exploratory nature of this analysis,
Roy's Largest Root with significance at the
.005 level, rather than Wilk's Lambda, was
used, F(5, 344) = 3.21, p < .005; Roy's Largest Root = .06; partial eta squared = .05 (see
Table 3). Interestingly, gender alone was not

TABLE 2

MANOVA Sense of Community and Residence Hall Design Type
	
	EFFECT	

	

Pillai's Trace	

VALUE	

HYPOTHESIS	
PARTIAL ETA
df	ERROR df	 SIG.	SQUARED

F	

.083	

2.48	
a

12.00	

688.00	

.004	

.041

	

Wilks' Lambda	

.919	

2.48 	 12.00	 686.00	.004	 .042

	

Hotelling's Trace	

.087	

2.48	

.060	

b

	
a

Roy's Largest Root	

12.00	

684.00	

.004	

.042

3.45 	 6.00	 344.00	.003	 .057

Exact statistic.

b

The statistic is an upper bound on F that yields a lower bound on the significance level.

TABLE 3

MANOVA Sense of Community for Residence Hall Design Type and Gender
	
	EFFECT	

	

Pillai's Trace	

VALUE	

HYPOTHESIS	
PARTIAL ETA
df	ERROR df	 SIG.	SQUARED

F	

.055	

1.60	
a

12.00	

680.00	

.086	

.028

	

Wilks' Lambda	

.945	

1.62 	12.00	 678.00	.081	 .028

	

Hotelling's Trace	

.058	

1.64	

.057	

b

	
a

Roy's Largest Root	

12.00	

676.00	

.077	

.028

3.21 	 6.00	 340.00	.004	.054

Exact statistic.

b

The statistic is an upper bound on F that yields a lower bound on the significance level.

Volume 47, No. 2 * 2021

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