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A Cog in the Machine
higher education's purpose-serving students. Since there was no single organizational
framework of Manning's that defines how a modern institution functions, three of
the frames were used in this study.
Bureaucratic Frame
Modern institutions utilize many bureaucratic principles such as hierarchical order,
specialization, and accountability to govern daily operations (Manning, 2017). Power
is held by those in positions of authority at the institution, and these individuals have
the strongest voices in creating and implementing policies and protocols that govern
the institution (Manning, 2017). All individuals are hired to work towards fulfilling the
mission and are seen as replaceable when they leave the organization.
Organized Anarchy Frame
Manning (2017) defines organized anarchies as organizations that are " familiar yet
hard to describe, unpredictable though at times oddly rational, rooted in the past yet
optimistically gazing into the future, traditional though educating many to anticipate
change " (p. 132) and are characterized by three properties: " problematic goals, unclear
technology, and fluid participation " (p. 17). Fluid participation (missed and intermittent
communication) can result in mistakes being continually repeated and decisions
reversed or forgotten.
Spiritual Frame
The spiritual perspective, which has roots in positive psychology, seeks to create an
organizational environment where employees can make meaning and better understand
their purpose both at work and in the larger world (Manning, 2017). Organizations
incorporating this perspective recognize that employees bring their whole selves
to work, including their emotions. Encouraging employees to engage fully increases
the likelihood for transparent dialogue, which may lead to the creation of innovative
programs and services (Manning, 2017).
METHODS
The purpose of this study was to learn about how the well-being of professional livein
staff is supported within their department and institution. The following question
guided the study: How do residence life departments support a culture of well-being for their
professional live-in staff? Additional questions helped to provide further context:
* What practices do departments currently implement to support the well-being
of their professional live-in staff?
* How do senior departmental leaders perceive the support they provide to promote
a culture of well-being for professional live-in staff?
* How do professional live-in staff perceive the support for their well-being from
departmental leadership?
56 The Journal of College and University Student Housing

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