Journal of Oral Implantology April 2012 - (Page 115)

RESEARCH Presence of Aspartate Aminotransferase in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid With and Without Mucositis ´ ´rez, MD1* Arturo Sanchez-Pe ´ ´ Marıa Jose Moya-Villaescusa, DDS1 ´ Raul Guillermo Caffesse, DDS, MS2 The aim of this study was to assess the presence of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in periimplant crevicular fluid, with or without clinical signs of mucositis, to determine its predictive diagnostic value, sensitivity, and specificity. The AST levels were determined (at a threshold of 1200 mIU/mL) for 60 clinically successful implants in 25 patients with or without periimplant mucositis. Samples were taken prior (AST1) to peri-implant probing with a manual constant-pressure probe (0.2 N) and 15 minutes after probing (AST2). Clinical assessments included radiographic determination of preexisting bone loss, probing, and the evaluation of mucositis, plaque, and bleeding upon probing. Analysis was performed at both the level of the implant and the patient as a unit. We detected a significant difference between AST1 and AST2 at both levels. A significant difference was observed at AST1 between implants that bled upon probing and those that did not. However, when we considered the patient as a unit, there were no significant differences. The plaque index was not significant at either level. AST1 had high specificity and positive predictive diagnostic value (80%) for bleeding upon probing. Probing induces a greater release of AST from inflamed tissues compared with healthy tissues in situ but not at the systemic level. At the implant level, the implant position could be responsible for this difference. Aspartate aminotransferase was a reliable predictor of patients with mucositis. Key Words: peri-implant crevicular fluid, tissue damage enzymes, AST, aspartate aminotransferase, peri-implant probing INTRODUCTION he advent of systems that can diagnose periodontal and periimplant breakdown based on proteins and enzymes present in the gingival fluid has opened new doors for in vivo research.1 The analysis 1 Department of Periodontology, University of Murcia, University Dental Clinic, Murcia, Spain. 2 ´ ´ Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Dentistry, Monterrey, Mexico. * Corresponding author, e-mail: arturosa@um.es DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00055 T of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in crevicular fluid (CF) has the potential to facilitate the early diagnosis of periodontal and peri-implant tissue destruction.2–4 Aspartate aminotransferase is an enzyme that promotes the transfer of an amino group from glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid. The enzyme was also called aspartate transaminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. AST is normally confined to the cell and released to the extracellular environment upon cell death,2 making it a nonspecific Journal of Oral Implantology 115

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology April 2012

Research Letters: A New Editorial Format for the Rapid Disclosure of Innovative Data and Concepts, Didactic Demonstrations, and Scientific Discussions
Effect of Defective Collagen Synthesis on Epithelial Implant Interface: Lathyritic Model in Dogs. An Experimental Preliminary Study
Presence of Aspartate Aminotransferase in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid With and Without Mucositis
Deformation of Implant Abutments After Framework Connection Using Strain Gauges
Implant-Retained Mandibular Bar-Supported Overlay Dentures: A Finite Element Stress Analysis of Four Different Bar Heights
The Efficacy of Mylohyoid Nerve Anesthesia in Dental Implant Placement at the Edetulous Posterior Mandibular Ridge
Metal-Ceramic Screw-Retained Implant Fixed Partial Denture With Intraoral Luted Framework to Improve Passive Fit
A Relaxed Implant Bed: Implants Placed After Two Weeks of Osteotomy With Immediate Loading: A One Year Clinical Trial
A Modified Technique for Removing a Failed Abutment Screw From an Implant With a Custom Guide Tube
Therapy for Missing Lower Medial Incisor by Means of Reduced Diameter Implants
Simplifying the Implant Treatment Plan for an Elderly Patient
The Use of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin During Immediate Postextractive Implantation and Loading for the Esthetic Replacement of a Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor
Atraumatic Removal of an Asymptomatic Migrated Dental Implant Into the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report
Tooth-Implant Connection: A Review

Journal of Oral Implantology April 2012