Journal of Oral Implantology October 2012 - (Page 653)

LITERATURE REVIEW Rehabilitation of Atrophic Posterior Maxilla With Zygomatic Implants: Review ´ Eugenia Candel-Martı ´ Celia Carrillo-Garcıa ˜ David Penarrocha-Oltra ˜ Maria Penarrocha-Diago* The objective of this study was to review the published literature to evaluate treatment success with zygomatic implants in patients with atrophic posterior maxilla. Studies from 1987 to 2010 were reviewed. In each study, the following were assessed: indications for treatment, number of patients, number of implants, length and diameter of the implants, surgical technique, prosthetic rehabilitation, success rate, complications, and patient satisfaction. Sixteen studies were included, with a total of 941 zygomatic implants placed in 486 patients. The follow-up periods ranged from 12 to 120 months. Three different surgical techniques were used to place zygomatic implants: intrasinus implants with the classic sinus window technique, the sinus slot technique, and extrasinus zygomatic implants. The most common restoration used was fixed prosthesis, with either delayed loading after 3–6 months (89%–100% success) or immediate loading (96.37%–100% success). The weighted average success rate was 97.05%, and the most frequent complication was maxillary sinusitis. The general level of patient satisfaction was high. Zygomatic implants have a high success rate and constitute a suitable alternative to treat severe posterior maxillary atrophy. Key Words: zygomatic implants, anatomic buttress, maxillary atrophy INTRODUCTION S evere resorption of the maxilla may prevent conventional treatment with dental implants.1 Many alternative treatments are available, some of which use bone grafts, such as the iliac crest block bone graft, Le Fort I osteotomy, onlay-type bone grafting techniques, or maxillary sinus lift procedures in the posterior sectors of the maxilla. These techniques have a number of disadvantages: the need for multiple surgeries; the use of extraoral donor areas (eg, iliac crest or skull), which involve extra morbidity; and the length of time the patient has to spend without oral rehabilitation waiting for graft consolidation and healing.1–3,10 An alternative solution is to place implants in the zygomatic bone. Valencia University Medical and Dental School, Valencia, Spain. * Corresponding author, e-mail: Maria.penarrocha@uv.es DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00126 These implants, introduced by Branemark in 1988, permit the amount of bone grafting to be reduced in patients seeking a permanent solution with a minimum number of surgeries and the shortest possible treatment, without reducing expectation for success.1–16 Rehabilitation with zygomatic implants requires sufficient bone volume in the anterior maxilla, with a minimum height of 10 mm and width of 4 mm, to allow placement of 2–4 conventional implants.2–4,6 If the volume of bone in the anterior region is insufficient, then the ideal conditions must be provided for bone grafting and guided bone regeneration.2 The objective was to review the literature published in the past 6 years reporting clinical series of at least 15 patients treated with zygomatic implants. Indications for treatment, surgical technique, prosthetic rehabilitation, success, complications, and patient satisfaction levels were assessed. Journal of Oral Implantology 653

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology October 2012

Should the Implant Fit the Patient or Should the Patient Fit the Implant?
Histologic and Biomechanical Evaluation of Alumina-Blasted/Acid-Etched and Resorbable Blasting Media Surfaces
Impact of Dental and Zygomatic Implants on Stress Distribution in Maxillary Defects: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis Study
Precision of Implant Placement With Stereolithographic Templates: A Pilot In Vitro Study
An Evaluation of Biocompatibility of Indigenously Produced Pure Titanium: An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Relationship Between Smoking and Bleeding on Probing
Stress Analysis in Platform-Switching Implants: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Study
Acrylic Resin Polymerization in Direct Contact to the Abutment and the Temperature at Bone-Implant Interface: A Pilot In Vitro Study
Clinical Application of Stereolithographic Surgical Guide With a Handpiece Guidance Apparatus: A Case Report
Fixed Rehabilitation of Severely Atrophic Jaws Using Immediately Loaded Basal Disk Implants After In Situ Bone Activation
A Functional Open-Tray Impression Technique for Implant-Retained Overdenture Prostheses
Use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factor for Schneiderian Membrane Management During Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Procedure
A Technique to Facilitate the Fabrication of Provisional Restorations for ITI Solid Abutments
Influence of Etiologic Factors in Peri-Implantitis: Literature Review and Case Report
Simplistic Partially Limiting Surgical Guide for Flapless Implant Placement: A Case Report
Types of Implant Surgical Guides in Dentistry: A Review
Rehabilitation of Atrophic Posterior Maxilla With Zygomatic Implants: Review

Journal of Oral Implantology October 2012