Journal of Oral Implantology October 2014 - (Page 627)

LITERATURE REVIEW Osseointegrated Dental Implants in Growing Children: A Literature Review Nivedita Mankani, BDS, MDS1* Ramesh Chowdhary, BDS, MDS2 Brijesh A. Patil, MBBS, MS3 Nagaraj E., BDS, MDS1 Poornima Madalli, BDS, MDS1 Edentulism is usually associated with the aging patient. However, total or partial tooth loss also affects young individuals, mainly as a result of trauma, decay, anodontia, or congenital and acquired jaw defects involving the alveolar processes. For elderly patients, the use of oral implants has become an accepted treatment modality for edentulism, and most of today's knowledge regarding implants is based on such practice. There has been hesitation to perform implant therapy for growing children; hence, few children to date have been provided with implant-supported construction. Consequently, little is known about the outcome of the osseointegration procedure in young patients, and until now, only a limited number of case presentations have been reported. This article reviews the current literature to discuss the use of dental implants in growing patients and the influence of maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental growth on the stability of those implants. The literature review was performed through Science Direct, Wileys Blackwell Synergy, PubMed, Google, Embase, Medknow publications, and Springer for references published from 1963 to 2011. It is recommended to wait for the completion of dental and skeletal growth, except for severe cases of ectodermal dysplasia. Key Words: dental implants, ectodermal dysplasia, alveolar bone growth, adolescents, hypodontia INTRODUCTION G rowing patients often require prosthodontic rehabilitation for the restoration of edentulous areas. Traumatic tooth loss or congenital partial anodontia, mainly in patients with ectodermal dysplasia, are frequently encountered in children. In those cases, oral rehabilitation is required before skeletal and dental maturation, and removable prosthesis is often the only treatment of choice. However, it may lead to increased 1 Department of Prosthodontics, PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, India. 2 Department of Prosthodontics, HKE'S Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India. 3 S. Nijalingappa Medical College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. * Corresponding author, e-mail: drniveditam@yahoo.co.in DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00186 caries rates, increased residual alveolar resorption, and other periodontal complications.1 In the past few decades, with the increased predictability of root form dental implants, there has been heightened interest in the potential use of dental implants in the growing patient.1,2 From a physiologic standpoint, the conservation of bone may be the most important reason for the use of dental implants in growing patients,1,2 and it even may be beneficial in some cases to stimulate alveolar bone development.3 Other factors that favor implant placement in children are their excellent local blood supply, positive immunobiologic resistance, and uncomplicated osseous healing.4 However, the use of implants in young patients creates special problems because their jaws are in a period of active, dynamic growth. Since data concerning the clinical use of implants are limited at the present time, a definite protocol for their use Journal of Oral Implantology 627

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology October 2014

New AAIP Affiliates Increase JOI Readership
Letter to the Editor
Bone Response From a Dynamic Stimulus on a One-Piece and Multi-Piece Implant Abutment and Crown by Finite Element Analysis
Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Healing of Mandibular Defects Treated With Fresh Frozen Bone Allograft: A Radiographic Study in Dogs
Efficacy of Growth Factor in Promoting Early Osseointegration
Assessment of Candida Species Colonization and Denture-Related Stomatitis in Bar- and Locator-Retained Overdentures
A Simple Solution for Vector Control in Vertical Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis
Maxillary Ridge Augmentation With Custom-Made CAD/CAM Scaffolds. A 1-Year Prospective Study on 10 Patients
A Retrospective 3- to 5-Year Study of the Reconstruction of Oral Function Using Implant- Supported Prostheses in Patients With Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Effects of a New Implant Abutment Design on Peri-Implant Soft Tissues
Repair Technique for Fractured Implant-Supported Metal-Ceramic Restorations: A Clinical Report
Full-Mouth Rehabilitation for a Patient With Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: A Clinical Report
New Method to Increase Inter-alveolar Height With Preservation of Crestal Cortical Bone for Implant Treatment
Implant Placement With a Guided Surgery System Based on Stress Analyses Utilizing the Bone Density: A Clinical Case Report
A Novel Technique for Osteotome Internal Sinus Lifts With Simultaneous Placement of Tapered Implants to Improve Primary Stability
Maxillary Sinus Augmentation and Implant Placement Using Venous Blood Without Graft Material: A Case Letter
Modification of Maxillary Sinus Floor With Orthodontic Treatment and Implant Therapy: A Case Letter
A Surgical Guide for Optimal Placement and Immediate Restoration of Implant
Osseointegrated Dental Implants in Growing Children: A Literature Review

Journal of Oral Implantology October 2014