APR March 2024 - 44

» PARTNER PERSPECTIVE
Nanoparticle Technologies:
Enablers for Ocular Drug Delivery
Shaukat Ali, PhD and Jim Huang, PhD
Ascendia® Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Introduction
As we continue to discover new and innovative small molecules
and therapeutic compounds, over 80% of those candidates in drug
pipeline are challenging to development due to their poor solubility
and bioavailability.1
There are several ocular barriers such as tear film,
corneal, conjunctival and blood barriers that cause the bioavailability
issues.2
A nanotechnology-based drug delivery system (NODS) remains
the acceptable and effective ways for ocular administration of drugs.3
This article will describe the basic understanding of challenges
in ocular drug delivery and the future trends in development of
innovative drugs.
Figure 1. Routes for ocular delivery
Ocular Delivery
Figure 1 shows the route of administration of the drug in the eyes.
Those include topical, subconjunctival injection, intravitreal injection,
retrobulbar injection, intracameral injection. The topical route,
however, is non-invasive, widely used, and remains a self-administrative
route. The challenges involve the immediate clearance of drugs by
spillage and tear drainage that lead to reduced bioavailability.
The topical route of administration allows only a limited amount of drug
to permeate through precorneal surface. It helps cross permeation of
drugs through cornea to aqueous by passive transcellular pathway. It
is, however, limited by the membrane tight junctions that allow only
5% of drug absorption.4
44 |
| March 2024
Excipients and Polymers for
Ocular Delivery
A. Lipids: DSPC, DPPC, DMPC, DOPC, DPPE, Soy lipids, DSPE-mPEG
2000; Cationic lipids (DOTAP) among others.
B. Oils/Glycerides/Surfactants: Mono-, di- and triglycerides, fatty acids;
castor oil, polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyl 35 castor
oil, polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate, polysorbate 80, vitamin E-TPGS,
Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, Transcutol, among others.
C. Polymers: PLGA, PCL, PVA, HPMC, HPC, povidone, copovidone,
Soluplus, carboxymethyl sodium, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate,
gellan gum, among others.

APR March 2024

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of APR March 2024

Message from the Editor
Editorial Advisory Board
BIOPHARMACEUTICALS - Getting to GMP-Quality Biotherapeutics From Today’s Bench-Scale Continuous Manufacturing Systems: A Gap Analysis
MICROBIOLOGY - Critical Behavioral Attributes and the Application of COM-B Framework in Aseptic Processing
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Use of AUC in AAV Analysis in a GMP Setting
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Precision Medicine in Clinical Trials: A Statistical Perspective
An Interview with Dan Smithey, PhD President & CEO, Serán
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Still Early Days for AI in Drug Discovery...Says Who?
QC Corner - Enhancing Material and Equipment Availability in Production Isolators
BIOPHARMACEUTICALS - Technologies for Aseptic Filling: The Choice is Clear
Vendor Viewpoint - Data Integrity and Rapid Micro Methods: Transforming to a Modern Microbiology Lab
MICROBIOLOGY - Bacterial Spore Formers in Disinfectant Efficacy Testing
Partner Perspective - Nanoparticle Technologies: Enablers for Ocular Drug Delivery
DRUG DELIVERY - Your Nails and You
DRUG DEVELOPMENT - Battling Exorbitance: High Costs in Sickle Cell Gene Therapies and the Imperative of Global Patient Registries for Equity
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - How Pharma Companies Are Solving Regulatory Challenges with AI-based Technology
Event Preview - CPHI North America
Event Preview - Excipient World 2024
P.I.N. Points
Advertiser's Index
APR March 2024 - CoverTip01
APR March 2024 - CoverTip02
APR March 2024 - Cover1
APR March 2024 - Cover2
APR March 2024 - 1
APR March 2024 - 2
APR March 2024 - 3
APR March 2024 - 4
APR March 2024 - 5
APR March 2024 - Message from the Editor
APR March 2024 - Editorial Advisory Board
APR March 2024 - BIOPHARMACEUTICALS - Getting to GMP-Quality Biotherapeutics From Today’s Bench-Scale Continuous Manufacturing Systems: A Gap Analysis
APR March 2024 - 9
APR March 2024 - 10
APR March 2024 - 11
APR March 2024 - 12
APR March 2024 - 13
APR March 2024 - MICROBIOLOGY - Critical Behavioral Attributes and the Application of COM-B Framework in Aseptic Processing
APR March 2024 - 15
APR March 2024 - 16
APR March 2024 - 17
APR March 2024 - 18
APR March 2024 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Use of AUC in AAV Analysis in a GMP Setting
APR March 2024 - 20
APR March 2024 - 21
APR March 2024 - 22
APR March 2024 - 23
APR March 2024 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Precision Medicine in Clinical Trials: A Statistical Perspective
APR March 2024 - 25
APR March 2024 - 26
APR March 2024 - 27
APR March 2024 - An Interview with Dan Smithey, PhD President & CEO, Serán
APR March 2024 - 29
APR March 2024 - 30
APR March 2024 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Still Early Days for AI in Drug Discovery...Says Who?
APR March 2024 - 32
APR March 2024 - 33
APR March 2024 - QC Corner - Enhancing Material and Equipment Availability in Production Isolators
APR March 2024 - 35
APR March 2024 - BIOPHARMACEUTICALS - Technologies for Aseptic Filling: The Choice is Clear
APR March 2024 - 37
APR March 2024 - 38
APR March 2024 - 39
APR March 2024 - Vendor Viewpoint - Data Integrity and Rapid Micro Methods: Transforming to a Modern Microbiology Lab
APR March 2024 - 41
APR March 2024 - MICROBIOLOGY - Bacterial Spore Formers in Disinfectant Efficacy Testing
APR March 2024 - 43
APR March 2024 - Partner Perspective - Nanoparticle Technologies: Enablers for Ocular Drug Delivery
APR March 2024 - 45
APR March 2024 - 46
APR March 2024 - 47
APR March 2024 - DRUG DELIVERY - Your Nails and You
APR March 2024 - 49
APR March 2024 - 50
APR March 2024 - 51
APR March 2024 - DRUG DEVELOPMENT - Battling Exorbitance: High Costs in Sickle Cell Gene Therapies and the Imperative of Global Patient Registries for Equity
APR March 2024 - 53
APR March 2024 - 54
APR March 2024 - 55
APR March 2024 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - How Pharma Companies Are Solving Regulatory Challenges with AI-based Technology
APR March 2024 - 57
APR March 2024 - Event Preview - CPHI North America
APR March 2024 - 59
APR March 2024 - Event Preview - Excipient World 2024
APR March 2024 - 61
APR March 2024 - P.I.N. Points
APR March 2024 - 63
APR March 2024 - Advertiser's Index
APR March 2024 - Cover3
APR March 2024 - Cover4
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