APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 62

»
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
»
Cloud Computing for
Drug Discovery:
The Time is Now
Ashutosh Jogalekar, PhD
Head of Product, OpenEye
Cadence Molecular Sciences
Small molecule discovery is the first of several bottlenecks in a drug
development program, which typically lasts about 12 years1
costs upward of $2.6 billion.2
and
The goal of discovery is therefore " to
deliver one or more clinical candidate molecules, each of which
has sufficient evidence of biologic activity at a target relevant to a
disease as well as sufficient safety and drug-like properties so that
it can be entered into human testing. " 3
This level of investment in
human and economic capital, added to the opportunity costs of
delays in approval, provide huge incentives for executing discovery
programs efficiently and expeditiously.
Traditional small molecule drug discovery employs physical compound
libraries and chemical screens to generate molecular starting points,
or hits. Through an iterative process, hits are modified chemically and
re-tested to arrive at candidate molecules suitable for animal testing
and human trials. With the exponential growth in computing power
and rapidly falling costs, more and more of drug discovery's physical
assets exist not in -80°C freezers but in silico. Similarly, the wetchemical
binding and inhibition assays once conducted in test tubes
or microwells are increasingly replaced by computational resources
that predict drug-target interactions to narrow down the number of
assays and experiments that have to be run.
As computational methods evolve, so do the hardware and software
choices drug discovery organizations face daily. One notable trend
has been the migration of software and hardware residing at a
development organization's physical location to a central, off-site
repository-either web-hosted or entirely in " the cloud. " This trend
began with enterprise-level computing, but now encompasses datacentered
applications like electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs)
and laboratory information management systems (LIMSs). LIMSs and
ELNs have been around since cheap personal computing became
available in the 1980s, when 100% of installations were hosted at the
users' sites. By 2019, though, cloud-based LIMSs predominated, with
predicted year-to-year growth of more than 17%, compared with
11% for all LIMSs.4
The attractiveness of cloud computing for drug discovery arises from
the scale of calculations and models that need to be run, the quantity
and complexity of possible drug-target interactions, the advantages
to having software-based discovery engines available and accessible
62 |
| September/October 2023

APR Sept/Oct 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of APR Sept/Oct 2023

INSIDER INSIGHT - From Guidelines to Standards: Why Comprehensive AI Regulation is Essential to Spurring Innovation
BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Aseptic Process Simulation: Cell and Gene Therapy Manufacture
FORMULATION & DEVELOPMENT - Challenges of Analytical Validation for ATMPs
QC Corner - The Intricacies of Testing for Mycoplasmas in Cell Culture Systems
MICROBIOLOGY - Standardized, Scalable And Efficient: Producing Recombinant Factor C to Quality Standards
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - R Code to Estimate Probability of Passing USP Dissolution Test
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Cloud Computing for Drug Discovery: The Time is Now
CGT CIRCUIT - Navigating the Complex Testing Strategies for Viral Vector-based Gene Therapies
MANUFACTURING - Simplifying Finished Product Manufacturer Site Transfer Variations
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Advancing Regulatory Compliance with Natural Language Processing
DRUG DELIVERY - Finding a Greater Vantage Point for Creating Green Therapies
WHITEPAPER - Microbial Testing for the Pharmaceutical Industry
Facility Tour - Eurofins BioPharma Product Testing
ROUNDTABLE - Drug Delivery
MANUFACTURING - Accelerating Biologics R&D with Unified Software and Data Flows
An Interview with Jason Downing, Senior Product Manager, TriLink BioTechnologies®
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - The Role of Data in the Pharmaceutical Lifecycle
BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Uniting Quality Expectations on Reinvigorated Biopharma Campuses
WHITEPAPER - VITAMIN C – Tableting with LUBRITAB® RBW Lubricant
WHITEPAPER - Leveraging Analytical Technology Process for CMC
BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Maximizing the Commercialization Potential of Cell and Gene Therapies
MICROBIOLOGY - Comments on Aseptic Process Simulation (APS) in the New EU GMP Annex 1
VENDOR VIEWPOINT - Continuous & Intervention-Free Microbial Monitoring
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - Cover1
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - Cover2
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 1
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 2
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 3
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 4
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APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 8
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APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 20
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APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 25
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 26
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 27
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 28
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 29
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 30
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - INSIDER INSIGHT - From Guidelines to Standards: Why Comprehensive AI Regulation is Essential to Spurring Innovation
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 32
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 33
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Aseptic Process Simulation: Cell and Gene Therapy Manufacture
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 35
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 36
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 37
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 38
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 39
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 40
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 41
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 42
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 43
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - FORMULATION & DEVELOPMENT - Challenges of Analytical Validation for ATMPs
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 45
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 46
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 47
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 48
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 49
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - QC Corner - The Intricacies of Testing for Mycoplasmas in Cell Culture Systems
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 51
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - MICROBIOLOGY - Standardized, Scalable And Efficient: Producing Recombinant Factor C to Quality Standards
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 53
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 54
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 55
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - R Code to Estimate Probability of Passing USP Dissolution Test
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 57
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 58
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 59
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 60
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 61
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Cloud Computing for Drug Discovery: The Time is Now
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 63
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 64
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 65
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 66
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 67
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - CGT CIRCUIT - Navigating the Complex Testing Strategies for Viral Vector-based Gene Therapies
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 69
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - MANUFACTURING - Simplifying Finished Product Manufacturer Site Transfer Variations
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 71
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 72
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 73
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - Advancing Regulatory Compliance with Natural Language Processing
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 75
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 76
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 77
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - DRUG DELIVERY - Finding a Greater Vantage Point for Creating Green Therapies
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 79
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 80
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 81
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - WHITEPAPER - Microbial Testing for the Pharmaceutical Industry
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 83
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 84
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 85
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - Facility Tour - Eurofins BioPharma Product Testing
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 87
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 88
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - ROUNDTABLE - Drug Delivery
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 90
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 91
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - MANUFACTURING - Accelerating Biologics R&D with Unified Software and Data Flows
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 93
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - An Interview with Jason Downing, Senior Product Manager, TriLink BioTechnologies®
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 95
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - The Role of Data in the Pharmaceutical Lifecycle
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 97
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 98
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Uniting Quality Expectations on Reinvigorated Biopharma Campuses
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 100
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 101
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - WHITEPAPER - VITAMIN C – Tableting with LUBRITAB® RBW Lubricant
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 103
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - WHITEPAPER - Leveraging Analytical Technology Process for CMC
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 105
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 106
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL - Maximizing the Commercialization Potential of Cell and Gene Therapies
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 108
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 109
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - MICROBIOLOGY - Comments on Aseptic Process Simulation (APS) in the New EU GMP Annex 1
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 111
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 112
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 113
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - VENDOR VIEWPOINT - Continuous & Intervention-Free Microbial Monitoring
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 115
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 116
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 117
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 118
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 119
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - 120
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - Cover3
APR Sept/Oct 2023 - Cover4
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