eBook: Breakthroughs and Innovations in Immunology Research - 9

Figure 3. Culturing of (A) colorectal cancer organoids,
(B) gastric cancer organoids, and (C) breast cancer organoids,
and (D) hepatocellular carcinoma organoids in a 70% Matrigengel
Matrix Organoid gel.
ment membrane extracts are also a critical component
macro-scale disease modeling, such as angiogenesis
and patient-derived tumor xenografting.
Certain modeling studies, such as angiogenesis,
mimic the physiological extracellular matrix that
can promote structure formation; in the case of
angiogenesis, this is blood vessel formation. This is
an especially critical model for tumor formation to
make the connection between how structure formation
(tissue-level) can be affected by cell signals
(molecular-level) and identifying key targets to
combat this effect.
Patient-derived tumor xenografting (PDX), on the
other side, is one of the major precursors for personalized
medicine through patient-specific diagnostics.
Just like how each person has their own
individual features, each tumor has their own specific
markers and cell composition that can make
it hard to treat. PDX takes a sample of the solid
tumor and recreates the tumor in a mouse model.
This is especially critical for treatment planning,
where mice can be subjected to various treatments
to identify the optimal treatment path and
minimize relapse or refractory responses. A key
component of PDX is the basement membrane,
providing both structure and growth factors essential
for tumor development.
Preparing the optimal basement
membrane coating
The versatility of basement membrane results in a
near-universal reagent that can be applied in various
applications, including cell culturing, organoid
culturing, and most importantly, disease modeling.
However, choosing the right method is crucial.
Various coating protocols will produce hydrogels
with different properties, such as tensile strength,
Figure 4. Subcutaneous injection of Matrigengel plug to
assess angiogenic activity of different compounds mixed
with VEGF, Heparin, or both; both of which are known
angiogenesis-inducing factors. Intensity of red denotes the
degree of blood vessel formation.
Figure 5. (A) Control vs Matrigengel-assisted tumor grown
in vivo using a mouse model. (B) Tumor volume growth after
tumor cell inoculation between control (only tumor cells) and
Matrigengel assisted growth.
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eBook: Breakthroughs and Innovations in Immunology Research

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