OSPE - The Voice - Fall 2019 - 22

COVER

connectivity will not show a
with the proper software and
DSRC WAS DESIGNED FOR MAXIMAL
prominent improvement in
hardware to form connected
CYBERSECURITY, WHICH MEANS THAT
current networks, because
autonomous vehicles. The first
autonomy only focuses on the
is the Dedicated Short-Range
THE RECEIVING VEHICLE VALIDATES
environment surrounding the
Communication Technology
vehicle based on the lidars,
(DSRC) and the second is the 5th
THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE RECEIVED
radars, sonars, cameras, etc.
Generation Technology (5G).
MESSAGES WITHOUT LINKING THE
creating an imaginary bubble
Dedicated
Short-R ange
around the vehicle. But when
Communications (DSRC) is
MESSAGE TO THE VEHICLE AND
it comes to identifying all the
a wireless communication
EXPOSING ITS IDENTITY, THEREFORE
congested points downstream of
technology that enables vehicles to
the vehicle's path or any accident
communicate with each other and
NOT VIOLATING THE DRIVER'S PRIVACY.
that occurs in real time to avoid
other road users directly, without
congestion, and for the vehicle
involving the cloud nor cellular
to change routes, doesn't exist in
infrastructure. DSRC works in 5.9
autonomous vehicles alone. Here is where connectivity plays a
GHz band with bandwidth of 75 MHz and approximate range
key role into providing the smart mobility system required for
of 300 metres.
the future.
Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication using DSRC
operates by having each vehicle send its location, heading and
There are five ways a vehicle can be connected to its surroundings
speed in a secure and anonymous manner. All surrounding
and communicate with them:
vehicles receive the message, and each estimates the risk
1. VEHICLE TO INFRASTRUCTURE (V2I): This type allows the
imposed by the transmitting vehicle. Risks are defined as "safety
vehicle to communicate with the infrastructure to obtain
applications" such as Left Turn Assistance (LTA), Intersection
information about the traffic conditions on the roads as well
Movement Assistance (IMA) and many others.
as safety conditions and environment-related conditions.
2. VEHICLE TO VEHICLE (V2V): This technology allows
vehicles to talk to each other. In other words, vehicles are
able to communicate information about their location and
surroundings through a wireless exchange of information,
which provides more accuracy than relying solely on sensors
onboard of the vehicle.
3. VEHICLE TO CLOUD (V2C): This technology exchanges
information for applications of the vehicle with a cloud
system.
4. VEHICLE TO PEDESTRIAN (V2P): This technology enables
the vehicle to communicate with pedestrians by sensing
information from the infrastructure and personal mobile
devices with the purpose of improving safety and mobility
on the road.
5. VEHICLE TO EVERYTHING (V2X): This technology connects
all sorts of vehicles and infrastructure systems with each
DSRC was designed for maximal cybersecurity, which
other, including cars, highways, ships, trains and airplanes.
means that the receiving vehicle validates the authenticity of
the received messages without linking the message to the vehicle
The main motivation for connecting autonomous vehicles
and exposing its identity, therefore not violating the driver's
and equipping them through special technologies with very low
privacy.
latencies is safety and eliminating the excessive costs associated
5G is the fifth generation of mobile networks. It follows
with traffic collisions.
previous mobile generations 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G. 5G possesses
Part of adapting an intelligent transportation system is
higher resolution than previous generations for cell phone users
creating an efficient vehicular communication system that
and bi-directional large bandwidth sharing. 5G will be the
can provide the proper tools of communication required for a
foundation of virtual reality (VR), autonomous and connected
connected autonomous vehicle to operate accurately.
driving and the internet of things.
Currently, there are two types of evident communication
The benefits of 5G are ultra-fast, highly reliable, scalable
systems that are competing in providing autonomous vehicles
and very low latency networks with the flexibility to meet
22

THE VOICE

Fall 2019
OSPE - The Voice - Fall 2019

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