Left: The original airport, Right: Proposed airport design Site Location and Subsurface Profile Kansas City International Airport (KCI) sits about 20 mi (32 km) north of downtown Kansas City on a floodplain about 10 mi (16 km) east of the Missouri River. The floodplain consists of alluvial deposits that overlay Pennsylvanian Age bedrock. Between 20-50 ft (6-15 m) of uncontrolled fill and select fill were originally placed in the late 1960s and early 1970s to bring the site up to the current grade of the original airport (considered to be about EL +1,000 ft [305 m], local datum). The alluvial deposits are generally moderately overconsolidated due to historic groundwater fluctuations. The weak and strong shales are intermediate geomaterials that are typically drilled and sampled as a hard soil during the site characterization but that demonstrate strength and stiffness parameters that are significantly higher than what might be indicated by in situ tests such as N-values from standard penetration tests. The limestone is typically unweathered and results in practical refusal of the ACIP pile installation tool when encountered. A generalized profile of the depths of the various soil and rock types encountered during the most recent site characterization performed for the new airport is shown in Table 1. 102 * DEEP FOUNDATIONS * SEPT/OCT 2022 Facility structural details Foundation Selection As part of the site characterization for the new terminal, general design guidance was provided for shallow foundations on improved fill, drilled piers, driven steel H-piles and ACIP piles. A review of the range of column loads to be supported along with installation feasibility and efficiency led to the selection of ACIP piles as the project foundation system. A pre-bid load test program was performed including compression, tension and lateral testing of 16 and 18 in (406 and 457 mm) diameter ACIP piles (one of each test was performed for each diameter). The results of this program were provided to the prospective foundation contractors with a request to price a base quantity of 18 in (457 mm) diameter ACIP piles including additional pre-production load tests, as well as requests for value engineering proposals. Preliminary column reactions were also made available upon request. The range of column loads to be resisted, along with the overall size of the project meant that using a single pile diameter for every column location was relatively inefficient for a majority of the project. Berkel & Company Contractors evaluated a range of APG pile sizes from 12-24 in (305-610 mm)