Ground Support Worldwide - 27

GROUND SERVICE
PROVIDERS

Fuel Contamination
Though introduced to GSE for the noble
purpose of reducing pollution, DEF has been
the subject of several contamination incidents that have led to inflight emergencies.
Three confirmed events have taken place
in the U.S., involving multiple aircraft,
where DEF has been inadvertently added to
aviation fuel as it was pumped into planes.
"JET-A fuel trucks commonly have a
fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) metering
system, that includes another reservoir for
storing FSII and equipment that meters that
FSII into the fuel as it is uplifted into the
aircraft," Larsen explains. "In each of these
situations, DEF was mistakenly added to the
fueling truck's FSII reservoir."
This error can happen for a number of
reasons. One obvious one is that FSII and
DEF are both clear liquids. What's more,
they can both be purchased in similar
55-gallon drums.
"Unfortunately, the tanks on trucks don't
always have the same type of tank and/or fill
location from truck to truck for each fluid,"
points out Jeremy Hill, line manager at Holman Aviation, based in Great Falls, Mont.
When DEF and jet fuel combine together,
it forms crystalline deposits. Those deposits clog the fuel lines and fuel filter on the

Photos courtesy of Holman Aviation

Illinois, explains that DEF allows engines
to operate at high combustion temperatures, thereby minimizing production of
particulates.
"The usage of DEF is to change the excess
NOx produced at these higher temperatures
into water and nitrogen through a process
called Selective Catalytic Reduction," Fischer
explains. "Thus, the emissions of the two
most critical components of diesel exhaust
- particulates and NOx - are reduced."
Mark Larsen, senior manager of safety
and flight operations at the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA), notes
DEF is not a fuel additive. Rather, it is
stored in a separate reservoir on the diesel-powered equipment and interacts with
emissions in the equipment's exhaust line.
While any diesel-powered piece of GSE can
be equipped with a DEF reservoir, they are
commonly found on aircraft fueling trucks,
distinguished with a blue cap.
"The diesel-engine vehicles and equipment that require diesel exhaust fluid to
meet the emissions standards have computers onboard that look to make sure there is
diesel exhaust fluid available in the reservoir for its normal use. When it's not found,
then the computers automatically reduce the
engine's power output," Larsen says.

FEBRUARY 2020

AviationPros.com

27



http://www.AviationPros.com

Ground Support Worldwide

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Ground Support Worldwide

Business Buzz
Industry Expert Column - Ground Handling: Key Aspects of ULD Operations
Don't Let an Icy Situation Get Dicey
Asia's Strides Toward Safe Handling Practices
How FBOs Can Prevent Misfueling
Navigate New Baggage-Tracking Regulations with Ease
Go the Next Level with Electric-Powered Passenger Stairs
Product Hangar
Editor's Note
Ground Support Worldwide - 1
Ground Support Worldwide - 2
Ground Support Worldwide - 3
Ground Support Worldwide - 4
Ground Support Worldwide - Business Buzz
Ground Support Worldwide - 6
Ground Support Worldwide - 7
Ground Support Worldwide - 8
Ground Support Worldwide - 9
Ground Support Worldwide - 10
Ground Support Worldwide - 11
Ground Support Worldwide - 12
Ground Support Worldwide - 13
Ground Support Worldwide - Industry Expert Column - Ground Handling: Key Aspects of ULD Operations
Ground Support Worldwide - 15
Ground Support Worldwide - Don't Let an Icy Situation Get Dicey
Ground Support Worldwide - 17
Ground Support Worldwide - 18
Ground Support Worldwide - 19
Ground Support Worldwide - Asia's Strides Toward Safe Handling Practices
Ground Support Worldwide - 21
Ground Support Worldwide - 22
Ground Support Worldwide - 23
Ground Support Worldwide - 24
Ground Support Worldwide - 25
Ground Support Worldwide - How FBOs Can Prevent Misfueling
Ground Support Worldwide - 27
Ground Support Worldwide - 28
Ground Support Worldwide - 29
Ground Support Worldwide - Navigate New Baggage-Tracking Regulations with Ease
Ground Support Worldwide - 31
Ground Support Worldwide - 32
Ground Support Worldwide - 33
Ground Support Worldwide - Go the Next Level with Electric-Powered Passenger Stairs
Ground Support Worldwide - 35
Ground Support Worldwide - Product Hangar
Ground Support Worldwide - 37
Ground Support Worldwide - 38
Ground Support Worldwide - 39
Ground Support Worldwide - 40
Ground Support Worldwide - 41
Ground Support Worldwide - Editor's Note
Ground Support Worldwide - 43
Ground Support Worldwide - 44
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