February 2021 - 31

MATING DISRUPTION
traps, sample for shoot and fruit
damage during the growing season and
apply timely, effective control measures
when necessary.
The first thing to do is to use
pheromone traps to monitor adult
OFM activity to determine when the
overwintering generation emerges in
the spring. Traps need to be placed in
orchards before the moths start to fly.
Information about the precise timing
for deploying traps can be found in
the OFM model on DAS. Although
this model has not been validated for
management decisions, it is primarily
used for quarantine efforts as it
provides degree-day (DD) information
and recommendations for when to put
traps in the field.
According to this OFM model,
traps should be set out at about 125DD
from Jan. 1 in advance of first OFM
emergence (about 175DD). With this
year's warmer weather, we are well
ahead of last year, so make sure traps
are placed in orchards near Paterson
by early March and elsewhere by earlymid
March. Check WSU's Decision Aid
System regularly for the most up-to-date
degree-day forecast. Just like the weather
forecast, degree-day predictions are
more accurate over short time periods.
Mating disruption (MD) for OFM
works very well when deployed
properly. If growers are planning on
using mating disruption for OFM,
then it should be put out in the
orchard soon after the first moths are
captured in pheromone traps. A good
synopsis of OFM MD can be seen by
clicking on this link: https://www.canr.
msu.edu/news/manage_oriental_fruit_
moths_using_mating_disruption
MD is very effective against the
first two generations and can provide
season-long control if used properly.
Depending on the crop and product
used, MD may have to be reapplied.
MD will interfere with capture of
moths in pheromone traps making
it difficult to determine if MD is
working, thus, it's imperative to
regularly sample shoots and fruit for
damage. If growers are already using
MD for CM, then consider adding
OFM MD on top of a successful
CM MD program rather than using
combination OFM/CM MD products.
Sprayable formulations of OFM MD
are very effective when applied at
regular intervals but these are not
certified for organic use. Aerosol
dispensers (misters and puffers) are
available for OFM, can provide seasonlong
control and are allowed to be used
in organic orchards.
Insecticide options available
Insecticides can be applied to
manage OFM either alone or in
combination with MD. There are
several conventional insecticides
available for use (see the WSU Crop
Protection Guide for Tree Fruit:
Stone Fruit (not Cherry)), and these
products should be applied based
upon specific accumulated degree-day
timings. Unfortunately, models to time
applications of insecticides for OFM
management have not been validated
here in Washington.
Given the lack of local information,
consider using the calculated DD
from DAS and then follow the spray
timings highlighted in the UC Pest
Management Guidelines for Oriental
Fruit Moth Management on Peach
(UC Pest Management Guidelines.
Peach. Oriental Fruit Moth).
It is imperative to sample
periodically for OFM injury to
make sure the program is working.
Insecticides for organic OFM
management are limited.
Entrust, a spinosad product, is only
rated fair against OFM. Madex HP, a
codling moth virus product that has
OFM activity, has not been thoroughly
evaluated here in Washington and has
provided marginal OFM control in
eastern U.S. trials. At this time, both
Madex HP and Entrust should not be
relied on to control OFM under high
pressure situations. It is probably best
to use these products in combination
with OFM mating disruption rather
than as stand-alone products.
Ute Chambers and Mike Willett also
contributed to this article, originally
published in March 2020. FGN
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February 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of February 2021