April 2019 - 12

dr. bugs
BY RAYMOND A. CLOYD
Miticides for Use in Greenhouse
Production Systems
Question: Could you provide background information associated with the
different miticides commercially available for use in greenhouse production
systems against the twospotted spider mite?
Raymond A. Cloyd
is professor and
Extension specialist
in horticultural
entomology/
plant protection
at Kansas State
University. He
can be reached at
rcloyd@ksu.edu.
Answer: It will be my pleasure. A wide range of
miticides can be used in greenhouse production
systems to mitigate problems with the twospotted
spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, which is the most
commonly encountered mite pest of greenhousegrown
horticultural crops. A listing of the commercially
available miticides is presented in Table 1. However, let's
discuss these miticides in detail. First and foremost, not
all the miticides have activity on all the life stages of the
twospotted spider mite; some are active on the later life
stages (e.g., nymphs and adults) whereas others are
active on the early life stages (e.g., eggs and larvae).
This information is available in Table 1.
Now we will discuss activity type. Eight miticides only
have contact activity including: acequinocyl (Shuttle), bifenazate
(Floramite), clofentezine (Notavo), cyflumetofen (Sultan),
fenazaquin (Magus), fenpyroximate (Akari), hexythiazox (Hexygon)
and pyridaben (Sanmite); so thorough coverage of leaf undersides
is critical because this is where all the life stages (eggs, larvae,
nymphs and adults) are typically located. Seven miticides have
translaminar or local systemic activity, such as abamectin (Avid),
abamectin + bifenazate (Sirocco), chlorfenapyr (Pylon), etoxazole
(TetraSan), spiromesifen (Savate) and spirotetramat (Kontos).
These miticides penetrate leaf tissues and form a reservoir
of active ingredient within the leaf. Consequently, this provides
residual activity against spider mites after leaf surface residues
have dissipated. Spirotetramat (Kontos) is the only miticide with
systemic properties. However, due to the low water solubility (29
ppm or mg/L), the miticide must be applied at least four weeks
before spider mites are present.
What is important to understand is that although there are 14
different miticides, there are only seven different modes of action
(refer to the last column of Table 1). For instance, seven of the
miticides are mitochondria electron transport inhibitors (METI)
Feeding damage caused by twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urtiae.
12 APRIL 2019 GPNMAG.COM

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April 2019

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