October 2019 - 23

RESEARCH
growth. That affects root growth and plant health.
For example, callus can form on unrooted cuttings
under high moisture conditions, as shown in the
scaevola in Figure 6. However, roots need air
(oxygen) to respire and grow and allowing the
substrate to dry at least to container capacity is
essential or rooting will be delayed.
We have used X-ray computed tomography (CT)
scans of mixes to see how the balance between
water and air change depending on our irrigation
methods and substrate choices. For example, Figure
7 shows a 50-count propagation cell of Oasis foam
(bottom) with different moisture levels. We typically
want at least 10% volumetric air content to provide
enough gas exchange for roots to " breathe " and get
the oxygen they need for growth and functioning,
which means allowing the substrate to dry to less
than container capacity between irrigation events.
Figure 7 shows that as the substrate dries, the
pores are no longer isolated holes but form a
connected pipeline which allows air exchange and
oxygen supply. You can see that the bottom of
the substrate is the most saturated at container
capacity, because gravity pulls water down whereas
capillary action draws water up against gravity.
This has practical implications. For example, the
water/air balance at the base of a plant cutting will
depend on how deeply the sticking is placed into
the propagation cell.
You can clearly see the effect of pore size on
capillary action in Figure 8, where finer pores draw
up water to a greater height.
DIFFERENT PARTICLE AND PORE
STRUCTURES
A scanning electron image highlights the different
Figure 9. SEM images of Oasis foam (top) and rockwool (bottom) at 100x or 500x.
structure of foam and rockwool (Figure 9) compared
with peat in Figure 5. Oasis and rockwool do not
LESS GUESSWORK WITH GO & GROW HANGING BASKET KITS
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questions. It should be more fun and less guesswork. That's why we created our Go & Grow™ Hanging Basket
Kits from over 115 Proven Winners®
recipes that have been trialed, tested, and approved for unique colors,
textures and growing performance. Ordering your liners is simple, too. just pick your recipe, and we'll send
you the trays and tags to successfully produce 42 hanging basket combos. We also offer unique kits for
Clematis, Enhanced™ Liners, Savor™ Edibles and Fragrants, and Succulents. All developed to make your job
easier and you more successful.
Pleasant View Gardens, Inc. » 603-435-8361 » pwpvg.com

http://www.pwpvg.com

October 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of October 2019

October 2019 - 1
October 2019 - 2
October 2019 - 3
October 2019 - 4
October 2019 - 5
October 2019 - 6
October 2019 - 7
October 2019 - 8
October 2019 - 9
October 2019 - 10
October 2019 - 11
October 2019 - 12
October 2019 - 13
October 2019 - 14
October 2019 - 15
October 2019 - 16
October 2019 - 17
October 2019 - 18
October 2019 - 19
October 2019 - 20
October 2019 - 21
October 2019 - 22
October 2019 - 23
October 2019 - 24
October 2019 - 25
October 2019 - 26
October 2019 - 27
October 2019 - 28
October 2019 - 29
October 2019 - 30
October 2019 - 31
October 2019 - 32
October 2019 - 33
October 2019 - 34
October 2019 - 35
October 2019 - 36
October 2019 - 37
October 2019 - 38
October 2019 - 39
October 2019 - 40
October 2019 - 41
October 2019 - 42
October 2019 - 43
October 2019 - 44
October 2019 - 45
October 2019 - 46
October 2019 - 47
October 2019 - 48
October 2019 - 49
October 2019 - 50
October 2019 - 51
October 2019 - 52
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/gpn-new-varieties-digital-guide-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2022
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/cannabisguide-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/hempguide-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/newvarieties-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2022
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-november-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-september-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2021
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2021
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-march-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2021
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/hempguide-2021
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/december-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-november-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-september-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/californiaspringtrials-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-march-2020
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