September 2020 - 24

CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE
Managing Air
SPECIALTY
How can you use temperature to control crop yields
and maintain efficient production?
BY CHRISTOPHER J. CURREY AND CHRISTOPHER IMLER
G
reenhouse and controlled-environment production of food
crops is increasingly popular among consumers. Specifically,
specialty leafy greens including arugula (Eruca sativa), kale
(Brassica oleracea), pac choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and Swiss
chard (Beta vulgaris) are becoming more popular greens for producing
hydroponically in greenhouses and other controlled environments.
For consumers, the health-promoting benefits and unique culinary
uses for specialty greens make them attractive. For commercial
producers, specialty greens can be a desirable crop compared
to fruiting vine crops due to their short production time and no
specialized infrastructure is required. Greenhouse and controlled24
SEPTEMBER 2020 GPNMAG.COM
environment crop production is most efficient when producers create
environments and use cultural practices that maximize yields for the
crops they are growing.
While several factors affect crop growth and development, air
temperature has one of the pronounced effects. The rate of development,
whether it is leaf unfolding or fresh weight accumulation, is directly
related to the average daily temperature (Figure 1). The base temperature
(Tbase
) is the temperature at or below which plant development stops,
while the maximum temperature is the temperature at or above which
development stops. Between Tbase
(Topt
and Tmax
is the optimal temperature
), the temperature where the rate of plant development is the
Temperature for
Leafy Greens

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September 2020

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