September 2024 - 26
PLANT HEALTH
Plants with
variegated leaves
have fewer green
pigments, reducing
the ability to
photosynthesize.
Left: Biological control agents can spend more time searching for pests,
influencing the effectiveness. Above: Complex plant architectures make it
difficult to thoroughly cover all plant parts during pesticide spray applications.
with pesticide spray applications. The
abundance of leaves inhibits penetration
into the interior plant canopy allowing
pests to avoid exposure from pesticide spray
applications (Yeary et al. 2018). In addition,
plants with complex architectures provide more
hiding places for pests, making it difficult to contact
them with pesticide spray applications (Yeary et al. 2018).
More time is required to spray these plant types to obtain
sufficient spray coverage.
DECREASING THE ABILITY OF BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL AGENTS
Plants with complex architectures can influence the
SUMMER 2024 - SPRING 2025
effectiveness of BCAs, such as parasitoids and predators,
in managing insect or mite pest populations below plantdamaging
levels (Cloyd and Sadof 2000). Plants with a
complexity of leaves and branches can inhibit the ability
of parasitoids and predators to locate pests because they
must search a large area, resulting in BCAs spending more
time searching for pests on plants (Clark and Messina
1998, Weisser 1994, Legrand and Barbosa 2003).
Consequently, pests avoid being attacked or fed upon. In
addition, wrinkled and twisted leaves can hinder the ability
of BCA's to locate pests.
References: Clark, T. L., and F. J. Messina. 1998.
Plant architecture and the foraging success of ladybird
beetles attacking the Russian wheat aphid. Entomologia
Experimentalis et Applicata 86: 153-161.
Cloyd, R. A., and C. S. Sadof. 2000. Effects of plant
architecture on the attack rate of Leptomastix dacylopii
(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the citrus
mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Environmental
Entomology 29: 535-541.
Evenari, M. 1989. The history of research on white-green
variegated plants. Botanical Review 55: 106-139.
Field, C., and H. A. Mooney. 1986. The photosynthesisTISSUE
CULTURE LINERS
OFFICE: (407) 889
26
4341 ROUND LAKE ROAD APOPKA, FL 32712
-8487 | FAX: (407) 889 5400 | AG2TC.COM
-
SEPTEMBER 2024 GPNMAG.COM
nitrogen relationship in wild plants, pp. 25-55. In: Givnish,
T. J. (ed). On the Economy of Plant Form and Function.
Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
Gerhold, D. L., R. Craig, and R. O. Mumma. 1984. Analysis
of trichome exudate from mite resistant geraniums. Journal
of Chemical Ecology 10: 713-722.
http://www.AG2TC.COM
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September 2024
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of September 2024
Table of Contents
Editor's Report | Strolling through flowers and favorites
Inventory Management | Mitigating shrink
Trends | Blossoming innovations
Variety Information | Captivating combos
Plant Health | Plant breeding and pest management
Trial Garden Report | Brilliant blooms in North Carolina
Big Grower | Growing to a higher standard
Big Grower | Product Showcase
Great Lakes EXPO | Connecting innovation and education at the Great Lakes EXPO
Forty Under 40 Perspectives | Local propagation is the future
Culture Report | Rex begonia
Product Marketplace
Classifieds/Ad Index
September 2024 - 1
September 2024 - 2
September 2024 - Table of Contents
September 2024 - Editor's Report | Strolling through flowers and favorites
September 2024 - 5
September 2024 - Inventory Management | Mitigating shrink
September 2024 - 7
September 2024 - 8
September 2024 - 9
September 2024 - 10
September 2024 - 11
September 2024 - Trends | Blossoming innovations
September 2024 - 13
September 2024 - 14
September 2024 - 15
September 2024 - 16
September 2024 - 17
September 2024 - Variety Information | Captivating combos
September 2024 - 19
September 2024 - 20
September 2024 - 21
September 2024 - Plant Health | Plant breeding and pest management
September 2024 - 23
September 2024 - 24
September 2024 - 25
September 2024 - 26
September 2024 - 27
September 2024 - Trial Garden Report | Brilliant blooms in North Carolina
September 2024 - 29
September 2024 - Big Grower | Growing to a higher standard
September 2024 - 31
September 2024 - 32
September 2024 - 33
September 2024 - 34
September 2024 - Big Grower | Product Showcase
September 2024 - Great Lakes EXPO | Connecting innovation and education at the Great Lakes EXPO
September 2024 - 37
September 2024 - Forty Under 40 Perspectives | Local propagation is the future
September 2024 - 39
September 2024 - Culture Report | Rex begonia
September 2024 - 41
September 2024 - 42
September 2024 - 43
September 2024 - Product Marketplace
September 2024 - 45
September 2024 - 46
September 2024 - 47
September 2024 - 48
September 2024 - 49
September 2024 - Classifieds/Ad Index
September 2024 - 51
September 2024 - 52
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/new-varieties-digital-guide-2025
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/2024-guide-to-cannabis-production
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-december-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/new-varieties-digital-guide-2024
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-april-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/2023-guide-to-hemp-production
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/2023-guide-to-cannabis-production
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-december-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-october-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/gpn-new-varieties-digital-guide-2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-april-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/cannabisguide-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/hempguide-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/newvarieties-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/december-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-november-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-september-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-march-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/cannabisguide-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/hempguide-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/newvarieties-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/december-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-november-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-september-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/californiaspringtrials-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-march-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/cannabisguide-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/hempguide-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/december-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-november-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/november-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/october-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-september-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/september-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/august-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-july-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/july-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/june-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/may-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/april-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/californiaspringtrials-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-march-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/march-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/february-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/undercontrol-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/big-grower-january-2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/GPN/january-2019
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