March/April 2020 - 19

can vary between athletes. This is
the critical point everyone needs to
recognize.
LOOKING AHEAD
Young arms are constantly overused
and injured as a result, so stricter
guidelines must be enforced. The
rotator cuff and elbow are prone
to injury for a variety of reasons,
and these injuries are on the rise.
Prevention strategies include proper
physical conditioning, rotator cuff
strength and conditioning programs,
and recognizing fatigue early and
taking appropriate action.
Additional training activities and
required rest should be monitored
and documented. Pitch counts for
games, seasons and the year must be
re-established and enforced, and we
must discourage pitchers from working
through the pain.
Hopefully, sports medicine
organizations can revise their
position statements to include new
recommendations to decrease injuries
in the overhead athlete. Together,
we can help to improve the current
guidelines for injury prevention and
further careers. That should be the
ultimate goal. n
References
1. ASMI, ASMI Position Statement
for Youth Baseball Pitchers. Available
at: http://www.asm.org/researchphp?
page=research§ion=position
statement. Accessed Oct. 16, 2019.
2. Ellenbecker, T.S. and Wilk,
K.E., (2017). Sport Therapy for the
Shoulder., Champaign, Il. Human
Kinetics.
3. Goldman, S. (2012). Baseball
Prospectus: Extra Innings (pp.284288).
New York. Basic Books.
4. McHugh, Malachy P., Tyler,
T.F., Mullaney, M. J., Mirabella, M.R.,
Nicholas, S.J., The Effect of a High
Pitch Volume on Musculoskeletal
Adaptations in High School Baseball
Pitchers. Am J Sports Med.
2016;44(9):2246-2253.
5. Norton, R., Honstad, C.,
Joshi, R., Silvis, M., Chinchilli, V.,
Dhawan, A., Risk Factors for The
Elbow and Shoulder Injuries in
Adolescent Baseball Players: A
Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med.
2019:47(4):982-989.
6. Prentice, William E., Principles of
Athletic Training 16th ed. McGraw-Hill.
7. Saper. Michael G., Pierpoint,
Lauren A., Liu, Wei, Comstock, R.
Dawn, Polousky, John D., Andrews,
James R., Epidemiology of Shoulder
and Elbow Injuries Among United
States High School Baseball Players:
School Years 2005-2006 through
2014-2015. Am J Sports Med. 2018:
46(1):37-43.
8. Tisano, Breann K. and Estes, A.
Reed., Overuse Injuries of the Pediatric
and Adolescent Throwing Athlete. Med
Sci Sports Exerc. 2016: 1898-1903.
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