January 2023 - 27

SWEET CORN
of Wisconsin, Washington State University, Iowa State
University and the USDA.
One aspect is predicting yield stability. Relying on
computer predictions could provide more accurate
information, accelerating the process.
" One way to help the breeding process is
to understand the types of genes that lead to
characteristics that are beneficial to Florida growers, "
Resende said. " Disease is always an issue in Florida. We
have a lot of pressure from disease agents. "
While some research, including disease resistance,
is shared by both types, sweet corn growers' needs are
unique and focus on flavor, eating quality, nutrition and
other characteristics.
" When you talk about eating quality and flavor and
nutrition, not as much work has been done there, " he
said. " Generally, over the decades, there has been a
lack of investment in sweet corn research, in our view. "
Cracking the code
Through the multi-agency project, researchers are
sequencing the sweet corn genome, which has already
been done for field corn. Scientists are developing
prediction models allowing DNA extraction from plant
leaves or seeds prior to planting.
For some traits influenced by major-effect genes, a
researcher can analyze the plant's DNA in a population
and identify these genes. The researchers can avoid
or minimize field screening for these traits, such as
disease resistance. This knowledge can also accelerate
cultivar development by guiding the transmission of
these genes to other adapted varieties, Resende said.
" We are trying to learn more about the genes that
are involved in starch biosynthesis, " he said. " This
knowledge can guide the selection of sweeter or less
sweet types of corn. "
The research is providing a foundation not only for
public breeding, but also for private breeding efforts.
University scientists collaborate with seed companies,
which evaluate UF's genetics and develop hybrid seeds.
Eric Hopkins, senior vice president of Hundley
Farms, Loxahatchee, Florida, said it is imperative that
an impartial entity like UF is involved in the process,
to ensure varieties are developed with the Florida
environment in mind.
" It is extremely important to have assistance from
the University of Florida in developing seed varieties
that will work in our tropical environment. We also
have our own set of problems when it comes to pests
and disease.
The combined research is also studying cold
germination, eating quality, consumer preferences
and nutritional properties, plus an economic analysis
component designed to gain a broad understanding of
the sweet corn industry.
VEGETABLEGROWERSNEWS.COM | 27

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January 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of January 2023

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