July 2020 - 12

MSUE VEGETABLE NOTES
Use cover crops for parasitic nematode control
C
By Sita Thapa
Michigan State University
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN)
are one of the greatest threats
to vegetable crop production
throughout the world.
In Michigan, PPNs like root-knot,
root-lesion, soybean cyst nematode
(Fig. 1) and beet cyst nematode
cause serious crop losses. Recently,
the use of, and interest in cover
crops to manage pests and improve
yields has increased in the US.
Cover cropping and the selection of
proper cover crops not only helps
to manage plant-parasitic nematode
populations, but also benefits the
cropping system via increased
nitrogen supply to subsequent crops,
nutrient cycling and improved soil
physical properties.
A good cover crop for the
management of PPNs should be a
poor to non-host for nematodes,
and possibly reduce nematode
populations after incorporation of
the crop into the soil. Currently,
Michigan growers are experimenting
with brassica cover crops like oilseed
radish, mustard and rapeseed
because of the several benefits such
A
B
Figure 1. Nematode damage signs and symptoms in crops and vegetables. A) Arrow indicates soybean cyst nematode female; B) Arrow
indicates root-knot made by root-knot nematode in tomato roots; C) Hairy root showing symptoms of root-lesion nematode damage.
as cold season preference, winter
killing, improved soil health and
weed management.
How do we determine the
best cover crop for PPN
management?
1. Host-evaluation of cover crops
for specific PPN population.
Not all PPNs have the same cover
crop host range. Cover cropping
may also increase plant-parasitic
nematode population densities if the
cover crop used is a good host for
the nematodes present; for example,
growing peas as a cover crop in a
root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus
spp.) infected field.
Prior to planting a cover crop
it's important to identify which
nematode(s) are in our field and
select a cover crop cultivar that is a
non-host or poor host to the specific
nematodes.
Our applied nematology lab is
currently researching poor-host
cover crops for several economically
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July 2020

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