July 2020 - 13

MSUE VEGETABLE NOTES
important PPNs in Michigan like
lesion nematodes, northern rootknot
nematode, and soybean cyst
nematode.
In our host-evaluation study in a
growth chamber (Fig. 2), we found
that oilseed radish cultivars (Control
and Concorde from Allied Seed Co.,
Select and Nitro) and Dwarf Essex
rapeseed are poor-hosts for root-lesion
nematode (P. penetrans). In addition
to these oilseed radishes and rapeseed,
we are evaluating grasses like oat,
wheat, and sorghum Sudan grass for
root-knot nematode host status.
2. Evaluation of selected cover
crops to manage specific nematodes
under field conditions.
After host evaluation in the growth
chamber, it is necessary to evaluate
the cover crops in field conditions
too. Starting in fall 2020, we will
evaluate selected oilseed radishes and
other cover crops for root lesion and
root knot nematode management in a
field and microplot trial.
For soybean cyst nematode (SCN)
management, we will establish a trial
in Monroe, Michigan, to test red
clover Kenland, cereal rye Wheller,
oilseed radish Concorde and mustard
concentra. Each cover crop will be
evaluated alone and as a blend with
SCN resistant wild type (PI437654).
SCN resistant soybeans can stimulate
A
B
Figure 2. Host evaluation of selected cover crops in the growth chamber for lesion nematode and root-knot nematode.
A) Oilseed radishes in root-lesion nematode trial; B) Selected grasses and oilseed radish for root-knot nematode trial. Photos: MSU
SCN hatching but not allow
reproduction, induces SCN hatching
and starves them to death before the
next soybean season.
Mechanism: How does a
poor-host cover crop act on
nematodes?
If the cover crop we select is a
non-host or post-host to nematodes,
the cover crop will not allow the
nematode to reproduce or increase in
number. To act on nematodes, cover
crops should have either non-host,
trap crop properties or biofumigant
properties. Cover crops with trap crop
properties should either stimulate
nematode hatching or should induce
mortality on the nematodes.
Biofumigant properties have been
found in most brassica cover crops.
After immediately incorporating them
into the soil at green-pod stage or
earlier, they act as biofumigants by
producing toxic compounds called
glucosinolates. We plan to evaluate
trap crop properties of the best
cover crops we find from the growth
chamber and field trial to determine
the mode of action of the cover crops.
Helpful tips to pick a cover
crop for your field
Determine when you want to plant
your cover crops to select a variety that
will grow well during that time (spring
vs. fall). It is also important to determine
how and when you will terminate the
cover crop.
Be mindful of the cultivar you are
selecting since not all cultivars of a specific
cover crop are effective to all PPNs.
Identify the nematode population of
your field. For sampling instructions
and information on where to send
samples, visit the Michigan State
University (MSU) Plant and Pest
Diagnostic Services webpage.
MSU's Emile Cole, Marisol
Quintanilla and George Bird also
contributed to this article. VGN
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 bejoseeds.com
Greg Styers | Regional Market Manager, Southeast, USA
T (805) 689-1627 | E g.styers@bejoseeds.com
Billy Griffi n |Sales and Product Development
T (912) 246-5103 | E b.griffi n@bejoseeds.com
VGN | JULY 2020 | 13

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July 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of July 2020