March 2020 - 26

MSUE VEGETABLE NOTES
Time sprays for leafhoppers in carrots, celery
By Zsofia Szendrei
Michigan State University
Celery with aster yellows symptoms
To spray or not to spray? That question was
Bronzing
on
foliage
Healthy,
green
foliage
Aster leafhopper adult feeding on celery
Hairy,
distorted
root
Gealthy,
straight
root
Carrot
infected
with aster
yellows
Healthy
carrot
Aster yellows symptoms on carrot, left, celery, top right and aster leafhopper on celery, lower right.
Graphics: Michigan State University
not as simple as it sounded for Michigan celery
and carrot growers looking to control aster
leafhopper. Unlike most agricultural pests,
the aster leafhopper does little damage to
crops by feeding on them. Instead they vector
(transmit) a plant disease called aster yellows
phytoplasma. The challenge is that the amount
of disease leafhoppers carry can vary greatly
from week to week. This means that making
spray decisions based on leafhopper numbers
alone can be tough.
On the one hand, growers can ill-afford to
waste time and money spraying when it is
unnecessary. On the other hand, aster yellows
disease can cause major losses, making it
crucial to control leafhoppers when disease
risk is high.
Why is aster yellows a concern? Aster
yellows can impact many crops, but the most
sensitive crops in Michigan are celery, carrots,
and lettuce. Up to 10% of the crop can die
when infected leafhoppers are abundant.
Those that survive may be unmarketable, as
disease symptoms include leaf yellowing or
bronzing, hairy roots, and excessive branching.
To manage aster yellows, growers control aster
leafhoppers with insecticides.
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March 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of March 2020