March 2022 - 16

ONIONS
'Onion devourer' bacteria found by UGA researchers
By Leonor Sierra
University of Georgia
University of Georgia (UGA)
researchers have identified a new species
of bacteria, which they have named
Pseudomonas alliivorans - from " allium
vorans, " which translates as onion
devourer or eater.
As part of a multi-state, four-year
project, UGA Cooperative Extension
vegetable disease specialist Bhabesh
Dutta and his team surveyed onions
at every stage of production - from
seedling to mature bulb and all the way
to storage - to understand what diseases
are present, how they manifest and what
can be done to prevent them.
In the paper published in Systematic
and Applied Microbiology, the
researchers describe how they found
bacteria during the onion seedling stage
that looked just like the type that causes
bacterial streak and bulb rot, known
as Pseudomonas viridiflava. However,
when they analyzed the DNA of these
bacteria, they were surprised to see that
they were not the familiar bacteria - or
any known bacteria - but a new species.
Controlling bacterial streak
and bulb rot
Although bacterial streak and
bulb rot is not as severe a problem to
Georgia's onion production as center rot
(caused by Pantoea spp.) or sour skin
(caused by Burkholderia cepacia), it has
been a lingering issue, said Dutta, an
associate professor of plant pathology
in the College of Agricultural and
Environmental Sciences.
Until now the disease had only been
connected to Pseudomonas viridiflava,
which colonizes the leaf and facilitates
bacterial infection in leaves during cool,
wet weather. As the disease progresses,
the bacterium can move downward into
the bulb causing it to rot. Because of its
seasonality and how it thrives in cold
and humid climates, this is specifically
problematic in Georgia, where onions
are grown in winter.
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March 2022

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