Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 27

Background
In many locations throughout the
world, GSCs and geotextile tubes have
proven to be effective stabilization
solutions for temporary reinforcement
and protection of vulnerable sections
of coastlines in higher wave energy
environments. Similarly, in the U.S.,
most GSC or geotextile tube applications have been in emergency or temporary applications where the level of
design, monitoring and maintenance
seems to have a direct correlation to
the in situ performance of these systems (Figures 1a and 1b). A presentation on the history of temporary erosion control structures provided by
Mike Lopazanski of the North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
summarizes the extensive use of GSCs
in North Carolina since 1994 to protect imminently threatened structures
(Lopazanski 2016). Throughout the
time line presented by Lopazanski,
the North Carolina Coastal Resources
Commission (CRC) made multiple
revisions to GSC permit requirements
and even explored the use of degradable
materials. As of the 2015 legislation [SL
2015-241 Section 14.6(p)], the CRC
amended key regulations include the
following: permits are valid for eight
years for all GSC structures; upon
completion of a beach nourishment
project, exposed GSCs above grade
must be removed; and upon expiration of the eight-year permit, GSCs
exposed above grade must be removed
(Lopazanski 2016). This summary is
an example of the numerous revisions

FIGURE 1a GSCs installed to protect imminently threatened structures along the North Carolina coast
(Lopazanski 2016) (Courtesy NC Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Coastal Management)

FIGURE 1b Degradation of previously installed erosion control containers along the North Carolina coast
highlights environmental concern with containers and need for proper monitoring and maintenance
(Lopazanski 2016) (Courtesy NC Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Coastal Management).
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Geosynthetics October/November 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Geosynthetics October/November 2019

Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - Cover1
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - Cover2
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 1
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 2
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 3
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 4
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 5
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 6
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 7
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 8
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 9
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 10
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 11
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 12
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 13
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 14
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 15
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 16
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 17
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 18
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 19
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 20
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 21
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 22
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 23
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 24
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 25
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 26
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 27
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 28
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 29
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 30
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 31
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 32
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 33
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 34
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 35
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 36
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 37
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 38
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 39
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 40
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 41
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 42
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 43
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 44
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 45
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 46
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 47
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 48
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 49
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 50
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 51
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 52
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 53
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 54
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 55
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - 56
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - Cover3
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - Cover4
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - Blank1
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_1
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_2
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_4
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_5
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_6
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_7
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_3
Geosynthetics October/November 2019 - GeoConf20_8
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