Revue - Droit et société n°118-2024 - 114

João Paulo Dias et al.
Legal and judicial systems and laws are undergoing a rapid transformation process.1
This process varies from one society to another, depending on their economic and
social development, legal culture, political transformations, and the consequent
pattern of litigation, which in its turn is a function of the type of users of courts and
the relationship between potential and effective dispute resolution in the judicial
system.2 These paths interconnect with the transformation that has been taking
place within the professions in general,3 and in the legal and judicial professions,
more specifically.4
The transformation of the legal and judicial professions toward specialization
and increased digitization is interconnected with institutional management models
and forms of work organization implemented in recent decades in courts.5 With the
emergence of new functions and services adapted to growing social complexities
and in response to citizens' demands, new management models have emerged in
the European Union and its member nations,6 including Portugal.7 The country's
latest reform of the judicial organization, implemented during the Troika,8 in 2013,
1. This work was made possible thanks to the financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for
Science and Technology, under the Pluriannual R&D Unit Funding (UIDP/50012/2020) and the QUALIS
project (Quality of Justice in Portugal! Impact of working conditions on the performance of judicial
professions-29039-Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029039).
2. Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Maria Manuel Leitão Marques, João Pedroso, Os Tribunais nas
Sociedades Contemporâneas: O Caso Português, Porto: Afrontamento, 1996.
3. Richard Susskind and Daniel Susskind, The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform
the Work of Human Experts, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015; Andrea Bellini & Lara
Maestripieri, " Professions Within, Between and Beyond. Varieties of Professionalism in a Globalising
World, " Cambio, 16 (8), 2018, p. 5-14. DOI: 10.13128/cambio-24947; Tony Becher, Professional Practices.
Commitment & Capability in a Changing Environment, New York: Routledge, 2018.
4. João Paulo Dias and João Pedroso, " As profissões jurídicas entre a crise e a renovação: o impacto do
processo de desjudicialização em Portugal, " Direito e Democracia, 3 (2), 2002, p. 281-324, ; Brian Simpson, " Algorithms or Advocacy: does the Legal Profession have
a Future in a Digital World?, " Information & Communications Technology Law, 25 (1), 2016, p. 50-61.
DOI: 10.1080/13600834.2015.1134144; Richard Susskind, Online Courts and the Future of Justice,
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
5. Ragna Aarli and Anne Sanders, " Courts and Judicial Reforms, " in Ragna Aarli and Anne Sanders
(eds.), Courts in Evolving Societies: Sino-European Dialogue between Judges and Academics, Leiden: Brill
Nijhoff, 2021, p. 3-17.
6. Daniela Piana, " Réformes judiciaires et État de droit. Analyse comparée des pays de l'Union européenne, "
Droit et Société, 95 (1), 2017, p. 177-198. DOI: 10.3917/drs.095.0177; Emmanuel Guinchard
and Marie-Pierre Granger (eds.), The New EU Judiciary: An Analysis of Current Judicial Reforms, Alphen
aan den Rijn: Wolters Kluwer, 2019.
7. Conceição Gomes, " Justiça e eficiência: o debate e os desafios à gestão dos tribunais, " Cronos , 16
(2), 2015, p. 8-23, ; Conceição Gomes,
" Tribunais e transformação social: desafios às reformas da justiça, " in Maria De Lurdes Rodrigues,
Nuno Garoupa, Pedro Magalhães, Conceição Gomes, and Rui Guerra da Fonseca (eds.), 40 anos de
políticas de justiça em Portugal, Coimbra: Almedina, 2017, p. 161-179.
8. Portugal signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Troika (European Central
Bank, International Monetary Fund, and European Commission) in May 2011, in order to receive a
78 billion euro loan to support the state's financial indebtedness. The Troika intervention program
550 ■ Droit et Société 118/2024

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Revue - Droit et société n°118-2024

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