Revue - Les Cahiers de l'Arbitrage N°1-2023 - 48

ARTICLES - DEBATES
représentation des parties ou même l'organisation d'audiences en personne
lorsque des personnes ou entités sanctionnées sont parties à ces procédures. Ce
numéro des Cahiers de l'arbitrage contient des articles qui abordent certaines
de ces questions. Le présent article se concentre exclusivement sur la prestation
de services juridiques par les avocats et il passe en revue les règles applicables
et leurs implications pratiques. Il offre à la fois une perspective historique et une
évaluation des implications futures.
Introduction
1. Sanctions have been used as an economic weapon at least since the midnineteenth
century and most certainly since the creation of the League of Nations.
The debate about their utility arose simultaneously with their creation. According to
Mulder, " sanctions use doubled in the 1990s and 2000s compared to the period from
1950 to 1985; by the 2010s it had doubled again. Yet while in the 1985-1995 period,
at a moment of great relative Western power, the chances of sanctions success were
still around 35-40 percent, by 2016 this had fallen below 20 percent. In other words,
while the use of sanctions has surged, their odds of success have plummeted. " 1
2. The 2014 annexation of Crimea escalated into a full-blown aggression of
Russia against Ukraine, as a result of which the West has reacted in a nearly
unprecedented
manner,
imposing
thorough sanctions on
commercial
and
investment activities with Russia.
3. As sanctions became increasingly more severe, they also included the
provision of legal services and started to affect arbitration, mostly because of
the uncertainty created. Among the first effects on the arbitration community
were the burdensome nature of payments to be made to arbitral institutions 2
assessing how these institutions could handle the effects of the sanctions, 3
continuing to receive payments and administer arbitral proceedings. 4
and
while
Moreover, the
1. Nicolas Mulder, The Economic Weapon, the Economic Weapon: The Rise of Sanctions as a
Tool of Modern War, Yale University Press, 2022.
2. Ioana Knoll-Tudor, 'Paris Arbitration Week Recap: The Impact of Russian Sanctions on
International Commercial Arbitration - From Arbitrability to Enforcement' (Kluwer Arbitration Blog,
13 April 2022)
accessed 15 February 2023.
3. Charles Claypoole, 'Sanctions and International Arbitration: Challenges created by the
Sanctions imposed on Russia following its Invasion of Ukraine' [2022] 4 Les Cahiers de l'Arbitrage, 1
et seq. Tamas Szabados, 'EU Economic Sanctions in Arbitration' (2018) 35.4 Journal of International
Arbitration 440-441. Florian Kremslehner, Sophie Aulitzky, and Philipp Stadtegger, 'Chapter II: The
Arbitrator and the Arbitration Procedure, Economic Sanctions in International Commercial Arbitration
A guide for practitioners, by practitioners', in Christian Klausegger, Peter Klein, et al. (eds), Austrian
Yearbook on International Arbitration 2022 (Manz'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung
2022) 114. Andrey Kotelnikov, 'Economic sanctions arbitrability and public policy.' (2020) 23.1
International Arbitration Law Review 19-39..
4. Roman Zykov and Alexander Zojer, 'Chapter IV: Arbitration and Public Law, The Vienna
Propositions for Safeguarding Public Interest, Public Policy, Competition and Insolvency in
International Arbitration - G. The Impact of Economic Sanctions on International Arbitration', in
Christian Klausegger, Peter Klein, et al. (eds), Austrian Yearbook on International Arbitration 2021
(Manz'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung 2021) 333-334.
46
The Paris Journal of International Arbitration 2023‑1

https://arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com/2022/04/13/paris-arbitration-week-recap-the-impact-of-russian-sanctions-on-international-commercial-arbitration-from-arbitrability-to-enforcement/ https://arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com/2022/04/13/paris-arbitration-week-recap-the-impact-of-russian-sanctions-on-international-commercial-arbitration-from-arbitrability-to-enforcement/ https://arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com/2022/04/13/paris-arbitration-week-recap-the-impact-of-russian-sanctions-on-international-commercial-arbitration-from-arbitrability-to-enforcement/ https://arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com/2022/04/13/paris-arbitration-week

Revue - Les Cahiers de l'Arbitrage N°1-2023

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