Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 12

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he Norwegian fjord horse, or fjords
as they are often called, is considered
among the oldest and purest horse
breeds in the world. Representations
of this animal have been identifi ed in
primitive cave drawings in the Pyrenees
that date back 30,000 years. The common
belief is that the horses migrated
into Norway from Asia more than
4,000 years ago and were domesticated
relatively quickly as both war ponies
and agricultural work horses. Bones and
artistic artifacts from Viking burial sites
suggest that the horses have been bred
selectively for at least 2,000 years.
Though their dun color and zebra-like
markings on their spine and legs suggest
a genetic proximity to Asia's wild Przewalski
breed, in fact the Norwegian fjords
have only 64 chromosomes to the Przewalski's
66, making ancestral relationship
dubious. It is more likely that the
fjords are in fact related genetically to the
European wild horse breed, the Tarpan,
which also had 64 chromosomes
and is now
extinct in its natural
state. In addition, given
the Vikings' geographical
patterns of conquest,
Norwegian fjords are likely
to have been genetically
signifi cant in Britain's
Celtic ponies and Iceland's
Icelandic horse, both of which resemble
the sturdy build of the fjords.
Despite a national breeding program
in the mid-1880s, by the end of the
century the breed had suffered unexplained
but catastrophic losses that may
have been connected to the mechanization
of farming. Bob Hawks, a Sons of
Norway member in Bozeman, Mont., is
the great-nephew of the man who was
among those credited with bringing the
horse back from the brink of extinction.
Elias Faleide, born in Stryn in 1879, was
trained as an agronomist and, according
to Hawks, spent much of his life organizing
breeders to ensure the survival of the
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Viking Magazine - August 2010

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Viking Magazine - August 2010

Contents
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - Cover1
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - Cover2
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - Contents
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 4
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 5
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 6
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 7
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 8
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 9
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 10
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 11
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 12
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 13
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 14
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 15
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 16
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 17
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 18
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 19
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 20
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 21
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 22
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 23
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 24
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 25
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 26
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 27
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 28
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 29
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 30
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 31
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 32
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 33
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 34
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 35
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 36
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 37
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 38
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 39
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 40
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 41
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 42
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 43
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 44
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 45
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - 46
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - Cover3
Viking Magazine - August 2010 - Cover4
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