Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 18
KNOW YOUR
VIKING TERMS
1
Viking raids started in the late 8th century.
The Viking Age began in the 790s B.C. when the fi rst Viking raiders attacked the
coasts of England, France, Ireland and Scotland. Their goal was to conquer new lands in
western Europe, Newfoundland and North America. Many raids targeted monasteries, which
housed rich treasures. Historians are not sure why the Vikings started raiding other lands,
but political trouble at home may have played a role, as well as the desire to seek wealth in
Europe. The raids ended in the mid-11th century when the Vikings' homelands stabilized and
Christianity became more prevalent.
Asgard: One of the realms of
the Viking world, and the place
where the gods lived.
Berserker: A Viking warrior who
fought in a trance-like fury.
Danegeld: A sum of money
paid to Viking raiders to stop
them from attacking a region.
Danevirke: A system of
defensive walls built by the
Vikings to stop German
invaders.
Jarl: The name given to a
member of the Viking royal
family.
Longhouse: A typical Viking
house, which was long and
narrow. It contained very little
furniture and may have also
housed farm animals.
Rune stone: A tall stone that
was covered in runes and
erected by the Vikings to
celebrate a particular person,
event or achievement.
Ruin of Viking longhouse
Mainland, Shetland Islands, Scotland
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2
18 VIKING OCTOBER 2019 sonsofnorway.com
The Vikings spoke Old
Norse.
Old Norse is a North Germanic language
once spoken in Scandinavia and parts
of Russia, France, the British Isles and
Ireland. It's the parent language of
three modern languages: Icelandic,
Faroese and Norwegian. Most Old
Norse literature was written in Iceland
and includes the Eddas (poems about
gods and mythical origins). The Viking
colonies in the Faroe Islands and Iceland
kept their languages, and a type of Old
Norse is still spoken there today.
Rus: The name given to the
Vikings living to the east of the
Baltic Sea. Their society formed
the basis of what became Russia
and Ukraine.
Saga: A narrative, either in
poems or prose, referring
specifi cally to the epic narratives
written mainly in Iceland
between the 12th and 15th
centuries-with a heyday in
the 13th century-of historical,
legendary or mythical subjects.
Thing: The name given to a
local assembly in Viking society.
Things met to create laws, settle
arguments and judge criminals.
Yggdrasil: The mythical ash
tree whose roots held the nine
realms of the Viking world
together.
NORGES KONGESAGAER EDITED BY GUSTAV STORM AND
ALEXANDER BUGGE ILLUSTRATED BY GERHARD MUNTHE (1914)
GRANT DIXON / GETTY IMAGES
http://www.sonsofnorway.com
Viking Magazine - October 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Viking Magazine - October 2019
Contents
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - Cover1
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - Cover2
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - Contents
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 4
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 5
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 6
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 7
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 8
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 9
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 10
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 11
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 12
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 13
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 14
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 15
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 16
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 17
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 18
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 19
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 20
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 21
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 22
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 23
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 24
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 25
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 26
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 27
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 28
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 29
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 30
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 31
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 32
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 33
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 34
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 35
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 36
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 37
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - 38
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - Cover3
Viking Magazine - October 2019 - Cover4
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