April 2017 - Parks & Recreation - 24

L AW R E V I E W

Park Permit for Commercial Wedding Photos
By James C. Kozlowski, J.D., Ph.D.

T

he First Amendment prohibits laws " abridging the freedom of speech " and
is applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. Further, the
First Amendment is not limited to written or spoken words as mediums of
expression. It also includes pictures, films, paintings, drawings and engravings.

Such freedom of artistic expression
is not absolute. As illustrated by the
case described herein, the government
may impose reasonable time, place and
manner restrictions on First Amendment activities. Regulation of First
Amendment activities, however, must
be content neutral, serve a significant
governmental interest and leave ample
alternative channels for communication for artistic expression.
In the case of Josephine Havlak Photographer, Inc. v. Village of Twin Oaks,
2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 91450,163 F.
Supp.3d 592 (E.D. Mo. 7/14/2016),
the issue before the federal district
court was whether " a municipal ordinance of the Village of Twin Oaks
22

Parks & Recreation

regulating commercial activity within
Twin Oaks Park " was " an unconstitutional prior restraint " on expressive
activity protected by the First Amendment, specifically " engagement in
commercial photography. "
Josephine Havlak has been a professional photographer since 1979, operating as Havlak Photographer, Inc., a
business that focused on wedding and
portrait photography. For Havlak, Twin
Oaks Park was an excellent place to take
photos of their clients, such as wedding
groups and high school seniors.
Twin Oaks Park is approximately 11
acres in total, including a lake, playground, basketball court and wooded
area. The area that commercial photog-

| A P R I L 2 0 1 7 | W W W. PA R K S A N D R E C R E AT I O N . O R G

raphers, such as Havlak, tend to use for
their work is a small area in which there
is a waterfall and a small, picturesque
wood bridge spanning a creek. This is
also the most popular area for other patrons of the park.
Commercial Activity Ban
Havlak initiated her lawsuit in February 2015. At that time, the Village had
an ordinance that prohibited use of the
park for commercial purposes. Two
signs were posted in the park that stated:
" No commercial activity, including commercial photographers. " In the summer
of 2013, when the ban on commercial
activity was in place, a commercial photographer approached the Village Board
of Trustees and suggested a permitting
process rather than a ban, believing such
a process would limit amateur photographers whom he believed were the problem. At about the same time, the ACLU



April 2017 - Parks & Recreation

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of April 2017 - Parks & Recreation

April 2017 - Parks & Recreation - 1
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