March 2018 - Parks & Recreation - 29

law would require the public park and
recreation agency and its personnel to
avoid any conduct that would aggravate
a potentially life-threatening situation.
Leave Nalaxone to EMS
Accordingly, any direct treatment and
response and intervention is better left
to local law enforcement and emergency
medical services (EMS) who are better
trained and equipped to properly handle
a possible opioid overdose. Many local
first responders now carry Nalaxone on
emergency calls. Moreover, once the 911
call is made, the applicable landowner
duty of emergency care for the agency is
satisfied. Any subsequent unreasonable
delay due to the negligence of the 911call center or first responders are likely
immune from any liability. In general,
governmental immunity would apply

to liability claims associated with unreasonable or inadequate general police
protection and emergency services.
Good Samaritan immunity would not
apply to a public park and recreation
agency because the agency already has a
landowner/invitee legal relationship with
those using its facilities. Subject to jurisdictional variations, in general, a Good
Samaritan statute provides limited immunity from negligence liability to individuals who try to assist an imperiled stranger;
i.e., someone with whom they have no
legal relationship and, therefore, no duty
to rescue. As landowners, however, park
and recreation agencies have a very limited legal duty to rescue imperiled invitees
on the premises once a life-threatening situation becomes apparent.
To satisfy the applicable duty to rescue, park and recreation agencies should

be able to promptly respond to a wide
variety of life-threatening situations,
including an opioid overdose. The appropriate response, however, does not
involve any sort of medical intervention
or treatment. On the contrary, the appropriate agency response should be simple
and straightforward: prompt summoning
of competent medical attention; i.e., call
911 to summon local EMS. As a result,
in response to a possible opioid overdose, the administration of a prescription medication, like Nalaxone, by nonmedical park and recreation personnel
may be ill advised and, certainly, not
required by law in the exercise of reasonable care under the circumstances.
Response Training Priorities
Any training of park and recreation
personnel to respond a potential opioid

W W W. PA R K S A N D R E C R E AT I O N . O R G | M A R C H 2 0 1 8 |

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March 2018 - Parks & Recreation

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of March 2018 - Parks & Recreation

March 2018 - Parks & Recreation - 1
March 2018 - Parks & Recreation - 2
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