March 2020 - Parks & Recreation - 31

ployed rate of the block group were
also related to accessibility outcomes.

Application for Practice
Over time, the field has tried to understand residential access to green infrastructure better and has made progress
due to advances in technology. However, key concerns still exist and merit
attention regarding methodological
design and application. Methodologically, we need to revisit and better define " access, " as well as identify related
technologies for efficient analysis.
This case study was based on a
distance-based approach, but low
socioeconomic status (SES) groups
face more challenges in accessing greenways than distance alone. In future
studies, more temporal and social
barriers that the low SES groups face

should be taken into consideration.
However, we need to further develop
practical mapping methodologies for
these indicators.
What's more, most studies focus
on residential access. For example,
the greenways in this case study
were less accessible to residential
areas. That is, the area with more
housing units had lower accessibility
of the greenway system. Given that
greenway systems often aim to improve citizens' health, efforts should
focus on improving accessibility to
areas with more housing units.
Additionally, while infrastructure
such as greenway trails are generally
considered positive additions to an
area, associated affordable housing
issues have introduced gentrification concerns in some U.S. neigh-

borhoods. Through collaboration,
tools potentially could be refined to
identify and verify factors and timelines associated with gentrification
and to develop models to support
municipalities in monitoring and
minimizing tipping points.
Over time, GIS analysis has assisted researchers and practitioners
in better understanding key relevant
spatial issues in parks and recreation.
As technology enhancements refine
and expedite the ability to conduct
such analysis, opportunities exist for
the field at large to further develop
best practices in measurement, analysis and application.
Jeongseup Lee is a Ph.D. student at Texas A&M University,
(pennyljs@tamu.edu). Jamie Rae Walker is Associate
Professor and Extension Specialist at Texas A&M University,
(jamie-rae-walker@tamu.edu).

PA R K S A N D R E C R E AT I O N .O R G | M A R C H 2 02 0 |

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March 2020 - Parks & Recreation

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