Sky and Telescope - June 2018 - 34

GEORGE ELLERY HALE

A

by Steve Murray

A curious mind and an inventive
spirit helped George Ellery Hale
transform modern astronomy.

Crowded
Life
P

alomar Observatory is my favorite mount-top in the
world," says Mansi Kasliwal (Caltech). She and her students use spectra obtained with the observatory's 200inch Hale Telescope to study optical and infrared transients
- supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and black holes feeding
on stars. The big reflector was the last telescope developed
by George Hale, a scientist who made pioneering discoveries
about the Sun, gave astrophysics some of its most powerful
tools, and helped to shape both national and international
scholarly institutions. It was a crowded life, and one that
transformed modern astronomy.
George Ellery Hale was born June 29, 1868, into a wealthy
Chicago family that encouraged his science interests. Hale's
father, William Ellery Hale, helped his son during his youth
and through his early career, providing him with tools and
instruments. Hale's mother, Mary Scranton (née Brown)
Hale, encouraged his creative development, sharing with him
works of poetry, literature, and history during his formative years. His interests were diverse, taking him from the
woodworking shop and laboratory he built with his brother,
to observing the Moon and planets with a 4-inch Clark
refracting telescope mounted on the roof of the family home
when Hale was 14, to informally studying architecture with
the Chicago architect Daniel H. Burnham. His inquisitive
nature, supported by a family that encouraged intellectual
u IMPRESSIVE INVESTMENT At the invitation of university president
William R. Harper, George Ellery Hale joined the faculty of the University
of Chicago in 1892. During the hiring negotiations, Hale extracted a
promise from Harper that the university would build a new observatory
and install a great refractor within three years of his appointment. This
photograph, taken by Frank E. Ross in 1925, shows the end result of
Hale's deal. Funded in large part by Chicago businessman Charles Yerkes, the Yerkes Observatory was dedicated in 1897, five years after Hale
joined the university. The great dome still houses the 40-inch telescope,
the world's largest refractor.

34

J U N E 2 018 * SK Y & TELESCOPE

p ASTRONOMER AT WORK George Hale poses
at his desk in the "Monastery," the quarters of staff
and visiting scientists at Mount Wilson Observatory.



Sky and Telescope - June 2018

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