American Cinematographer - April 1984 - 105

ITSM ANICAM

MCPU-XYZ
shot will

place the subject closer, and a
close-up will put the subject right up to
the screen. Intercutting of different
now makes some sense, distancewise, and follow-convergence (or chang¬

audience.
excellent

philosophy
for photography, LMC does have some
practical limitations:
1. Extensive testing has not
yet been done to determine the exact
amount of screen parallax required for
aesthetically pleasing long shots and
medium shots. The application of the
philosophy is still on a learning curve.
an

Determination of the

2.

ex¬

point of convergence for long shots
and medium shots requires extensive

All-in-one control made

on

Stepping motor control

possible by fully programmable Z80 micro¬

camera motor functions, such as film advance,
direction, preset count, total count, exp. time, lapse time, shutter

open/closed, and capping shutter movement.
Available for AC

or

DC motor

HI 11

operation.

DOB iillB Q Q |
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J-K CAMERA ENGINEERING, INC.
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slide

on

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camera

See ANICAM in next issue.

processor.
Use ITSM to control

q g III
While

Animation

meter/timer

INTERVAL-TIMER STOP MOTION CONTROL

shots

ing convergence during a shot) is usu¬
ally not necessary. Finally, distant
scenes would be placed as long shots,
so they really would look distant to the

Intervalo-

Multi-axis stepping
motor control

MINI MOTION

slide

gentle improvements
beautifully made

-

to last

off

the set, which in turn

requires a hand calculator or pocket
computer and someone to operate it.
Manual calculations would take too
much production time.
3. The mathematical tech¬

nology must be somewhat sophisticated
if it is to take into account all the
variables of camera and scene.
4. Since this philosophy is

only proposed as a guideline and not a
hard rule for all photography, it requires
that the filmmaker have a good under¬
standing of 3D filming in general.
There may be other philoso¬
phies of convergence, or philosophies
which are combinations of two or more
of the foregoing, but the purpose of this
article was to show that there is more
than one way to skin the 3D cat; differ¬

without any
with
or

fiddling

screws

lining

Used

up

holes.

by all major Broadcasting
Organisations world wide

and Film

for

more

than

a

decade.

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people have different ideas on the
subject of convergence, depending on
their knowledge or experience or lack of
ent

same.

Since

picture-making contains

such an incredible amount of diversity
of shooting situations, no single philoso¬

phy of convergence can be used as a
hard and fast rule, never to be broken or
modified. Some of the ones presented
here are virtually unusable, some are
excellent 90% of the time, while others
have some utility depending on the
situation.
It must also be remembered
that convergence is not the whole story
of shooting 3D. It is only one aspect,

although

an

important

one.

■

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103



American Cinematographer - April 1984

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Cinematographer - April 1984

American Cinematographer - April 1984 - 1
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American Cinematographer - April 1984 - 116
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