AOPA Pilot Magazine - November 2022 - 90

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It's also worth checking
the approach plate for any
altitude restrictions involving
any holding procedure.
Equally important is to remain
on the correct side of the final
approach course (or its extension).
If the plate shows the
procedure turn on the west side
of the final approach course,
that's where you stay. Obstacles
or terrain may well be on the
" non-procedure turn " side-
or holding pattern too, for that
matter-so there's no room for
improvising.
Another type of procedure
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turn is pretty aggressive for
instrument flying, and you might
want to practice it in visual conditions
to see if it's right for
you. This is the 90/270-degree
maneuver. Instead of making
that first turn at a 45-degree
angle, you double it to a
90-degree turn, then make a
270-degree turn to intercept the
final approach course inbound.
You don't hear much about
this maneuver because things
can happen fast during those
big turns. The idea is to make
your inbound intercept happen
quickly. Then again, instrument flying is
all about gradual changes, not steep bank
and intercept angles. Besides, with all that
turning it may take the same amount of
time to do a 90/270 as the 45/180, depending
on the winds aloft.
Another way of reversing course is the
hold in lieu of procedure turn, abbreviated
HILPT. As the name suggests, you'd
use one of the recommended holding pattern
entry procedures to enter the holding
pattern, depending on your position and
track, then make a trip around the pattern
before exiting it and flying the rest of
the approach.
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A full discussion of holding patterns
will have to wait for another time, but suffice
it to say that the five Ts still apply, as do
the corrections for maintaining the proper
tracks and one-minute leg times. You'll
have to crab to track a straight course with
crosswinds, and lengthen or shorten your
90
AOPA PILOT / November 2022
A Jeppesen chart (top) depicts procedure turns by showing a
complete rendition of the turn's outbound and inbound legs.
The " T " paths of a terminal arrival area are meant to minimize
procedure turns (above), but a HILPT may still be needed.
outbound legs in order to make the holding
pattern's inbound leg last one minute.
Normally, you'd only make one trip
around the holding pattern-enough to
make the course reversal-then be cleared
for the approach. Then again, if it's not your
lucky day and there are multiple airplanes
in the holding pattern awaiting their turns,
you could fly around the pattern several
times. As previous airplanes are cleared for
their approaches, ATC will " shake the box "
and have you descend and continue holding
at a new altitude, until it's your turn.
Then again, you may luck out. ATC
could give you vectors to sequence you
to the final approach fix, relieving you of
the chore of a holding pattern or procedure
turn. I've even heard of ATC clearing
a pilot to make a series of 360-degree turns
to kill time while others shot an approach-
well away from the approach's legs, of
course. tom.horne@aopa.org
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AOPA Pilot Magazine - November 2022

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