AOPA Turbine Pilot Magazine - February 2019 - 94

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ADS-B

which normally disables the anonymous
mode. However, an aircraft that has filed
a flight plan-even if it is squawking
1200 and not receiving radar services-
cannot, under the rules, utilize the UAT
anonymous mode. AOPA has heard from
numerous pilots that this limitation on
filing a VFR flight plan is onerous and
discourages them from equipping with
ADS-B, or from filing a VFR flight plan,
Duke said.
As a result, AOPA has petitioned the
FAA for an exemption that would allow
use of a UAT's anonymous mode when a
pilot has filed a VFR flight plan, has not
requested ATC services, and is operating
outside FAR 91.225 rule airspace. AOPA is
waiting for the petition to be published in
the Federal Register and, following a comment period, expects that the exemption
will be granted. As part of the process,
the FAA will identify any limitations or
requirements that will be imposed on
pilots who choose to operate under any
approved exemption.
"It is clear that privacy or anonymity
must now originate at the aircraft and not
from an FAA system downstream," Duke
wrote in the FAA petition. "The UAT
ADS-B system with anonymous mode
is the only approved method of achieving ADS-B regulatory compliance and an
equivalent level of privacy as is available
for solely Mode C transponder-equipped
aircraft."
WHAT ABOUT 1090ES?

The anonymous mode offered by 978UAT
is not an option for all operators, Duke
noted-especially for turbine-powered and
other aircraft operating above Flight Level
180 or internationally, where a 1090-MHz
Extended Squitter (1090ES) transponder is
required for ADS-B Out compliance.
Relief for some 1090ES operators is
slowly moving closer, Duke said. During
early 2018, the FAA sought feedback on
the idea of "rolling ICAO codes." Among
the data transmitted by ADS-B Out is
each aircraft's unique International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) address,
which correlates to the N number of aircraft registered in the United States. A
"rolling" code would involve alternative
94 | AOPA PILOT February 2019

ICAO codes that could be changed by aircraft operators, he explained.
In a December 2018 presentation, the
FAA's Surveillance and Broadcast Services
program office gave an update on what
it's now calling Private ICAO Addresses
(PIA). Duke said the office has addressed
concerns surrounding privacy and data collection, and determined that PIA would not
introduce any new hazards to the National
Airspace System. The FAA will contract
with one or more third-party service providers for a technology demonstration in
early 2019.
Melissa Rudinger, AOPA vice president for government affairs, wrote the
FAA on the subject last April. "The concept of 'rolling ICAO codes' is a promising
approach to increasing anonymity for general aviation operators. Rolling ICAO codes
refers to the idea of the aircraft emitting
randomly assigned ICAO codes that will
be changed periodically. In combination
with an anonymous call sign, the aircraft
would be harder to track," she wrote.
"This is a feasible solution and we look forward to other suggested approaches from
vendors as to how to improve real-time privacy of aircraft using ADS-B and Mode S
transponders."
It is important the FAA collaborate with Nav Canada to determine a
privacy solution that would be compatible with Canadian airspace, she noted.
"The solution must not be onerous for
owner-operators to the point that it limits participation, [and] privacy should be
available whether or not the pilot is utilizing air traffic services.
Rudinger said that the FAA should
continue working with industry to find a
long-term solution to encrypting Mode S
and ADS-B messages to ensure privacy is
being provided automatically at the source.
More information about PIA should be
available later this year, after the technology demonstration.
AOPA
EMAIL mike.collins@aopa.org

LEARN MORE

See AOPA's online ADS-B resources (www.
aopa.org/adsb) and ADS-B selection tool
(www.aopa.org/adsbselector).
http://www.aopa.org/financemytraining http://www.aopa.org/adsb http://www.aopa.org/adsbselector
AOPA Turbine Pilot Magazine - February 2019

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