Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 40
the Toquima Range a few miles south of
Gatecliff and were astonished to discover
not only several dozen hunting blinds
similar to the ones in the photographs, but
an entire prehistoric village located on a
ridgetop at 11,000 feet.
The site, now known as Alta Toquima,
The 40-foot-deep excavation of Nevada's
Gatecliff Shelter in the 1970s revealed that
the site was occupied infrequently during
the Late Holocene Dry Period.
consists of 31 pit houses where foraging
groups spent their summers. Unlike the
artifacts found at Gatecliff Shelter, which
pointed toward small groups of hunters,
the artifacts from Alta Toquima-such as
grinding stones and pottery-as well as
structures such as circular stone houses,
represent a wide range of activities, suggesting
that entire families lived together
on the mountaintop. Upon radiocarbon dating organic material
from the houses, Thomas made an unexpected discovery.
It seemed that the periods of occupation at Alta Toquima were
inversely related to those at Gatecliff Shelter-when one site
had less activity, the other became busier. Thomas suspected
that the relationship between Alta Toquima and Gatecliff
Shelter was an indicator of something consequential that had
happened in the Great Basin, but it would take him nearly
three decades to realize that the connection between the two
sites could help illuminate how people had adapted in the face
of an unprecedented natural disaster.
I
n the early 2000s, University of Nevada, Reno, paleoclimate
researcher Scott Mensing was analyzing ancient pollen
samples to reconstruct past environmental conditions across
the Great Basin when he began noticing a recurring pattern of
aridity between 3,000 and 2,000 years ago. At first glance, this
suggested that a significant drought had affected the region,
but Mensing was suspicious of his data. He decided to test a
larger number of pollen samples across a wide area. " To see
something like a large drought, you need to make sure you are
taking enough samples and dates for it to appear, " says Mensing.
After nearly a decade of testing and radiocarbon dating 64
pollen samples, he eventually assembled a
convincing body of evidence for what he
would call the Late Holocene Dry Period.
Mensing found that approximately 3,000
years ago, the waters of the Pacific Ocean
became exceptionally warm. This kicked
off a sequence of La NiƱa climate events
that caused drought conditions in parts of
North America. Over the next millennium,
the climate in the valleys of the Great Basin
became increasingly dry, greatly impacting
plant life, animals, and people. When
envisioning a 1,000-year drought, Mensing
Pit houses in the prehistoric village
of Alta Toquima, located at 11,000 feet
in the Toquima Range, were
excavated in the 1980s.
40
ARCHAEOLOGY * January/February 2024
cautions that it is important to think about
it as a continually changing process. While
the Late Holocene Dry Period was, on
average, much drier than earlier eras,
there were occasional periods when rain
fell and replenished groundwater before
disappearing again. The drought was also
geographically specific, greatly impacting
the central and southern Great Basin, but
not the region's far north.
As dry periods eventually began to outnumber
wet periods, reliable water sources
began to vanish. " This was clearly a period in time when
people and animals had to adjust to much drier conditions, "
says Mensing. The dates of the drought seemed to coincide
with the transitions that Thomas had seen between Gatecliff
Shelter and Alta Toquima and offered a likely explanation for
the periods of abandonment found in the archaeological record.
But the relationship between the two sites was still not entirely
clear, nor were Thomas and Mensing certain how people had
responded to the drought elsewhere in the Great Basin. To
fully understand the drought's impact on people's lives, they
would need more radiocarbon dates.
T
ogether with Desert Research Institute
archaeologist David Rhode, the team analyzed
hundreds of new radiocarbon dates from Gatecliff
Shelter and Alta Toquima, as well as from other excavations
across the Great Basin. They also examined pollen from
cores taken at several new locations, including three from the
Duck Valley Indian Reservation that the Shoshone-Paiute
granted the scientists permission to study. " Using a huge
sample of archaeological and paleoecological dates, we were
finally able to see and understand temporary abandonments
and occupations in the record, " says Thomas. Radiocarbon
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024
Contents
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover1
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover2
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - Contents
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 2
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 3
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 4
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 5
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 6
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 7
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 8
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 9
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 10
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 11
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 12
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 13
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 14
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 15
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 16
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 17
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 18
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 19
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 20
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 21
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 22
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 23
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 24
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 25
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 26
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 27
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 28
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 29
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 30
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 31
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 32
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 33
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 34
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 35
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 36
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 37
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 38
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 39
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 40
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 41
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 42
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 43
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 44
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 45
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 46
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 47
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 48
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 49
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 50
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 51
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 52
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 53
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 54
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 55
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 56
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 57
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 58
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 59
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 60
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 61
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 62
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 63
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 64
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 65
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 66
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 67
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - 68
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover3
Archaeology Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20241112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20240910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20240708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20240506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20240304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20240102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20231112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20230910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20230708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20230506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20230304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20230102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20221112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20220910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20220708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20220506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20220304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20220102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20211112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20210910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20210708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20210506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20210304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20210102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20201112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20200910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20200708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20200506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20200304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20200102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20191112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20190910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20190708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20190506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20190304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20190102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20181112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20180910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20180708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20180506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20180304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20180102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20171112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20170910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20170708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20170506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20170304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20170102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20161112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20160910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20160708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20160506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20160304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20160102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20151112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20150910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20150708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20150506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20150304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20150102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20141112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20140910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20140708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20140506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20140304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20140102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20131112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20130910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20130708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20130506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20130304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20130102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20121112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20120910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20120708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20120506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20120304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20120102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/egypt_201111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20111112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20110910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20110708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20110506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20110304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20110102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20101112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20100910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20100708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20100506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20100304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20100102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20091112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20091002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20090910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20090708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20090506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20090304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20081112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20080910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20080708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20080506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20080304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20080102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20071112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20070910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20070802
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20070708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20070506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20070304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20061112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20060910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20060708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20060506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20060304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20060102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20051112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20050910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20050708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20050602
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20050506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20050304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20041112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20040910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20040708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20040506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20040304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20040102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20031112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20030910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20030708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20030506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20030402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20030304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20021112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20020910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20020708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20020506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20020304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20020102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20011112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20010910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20010708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20010506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20010304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20010201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20001112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20000910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20000708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20000506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20000304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/20000102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19991112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19990910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19990708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19990506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19990304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19990102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19981112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19980910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19980708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19980506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19980304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19980102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19971112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19970910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19970708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19970506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19970304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19970102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19961112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19960910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19960708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19960506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19960304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19960102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19951112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19950910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19950708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19950506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19950304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19950102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19941112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19940910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19940708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19940506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19940304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19940102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19931112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19930910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19930708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19930506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19930304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19930102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19921112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19920910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19920708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19920506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19920304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19920102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19911112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19910910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19910708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19910506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19910304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19910102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19901112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19900910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19900708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19900506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19900304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19900102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19891101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19890901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19890701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19890501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19890301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19881101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19880901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19880701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19880301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19880101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19871101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19870901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19870701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19870301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19870101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19861101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19860901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19860701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19860501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19860301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19860101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19851101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19850901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19850701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19850501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19850301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19850101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19841101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19840901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19840701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19840501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19840301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19840101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19831101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19830901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19830701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19830501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19830301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19830101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19821101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19820901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19820701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19820501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19820301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19820101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19811101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19810901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19810701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19810501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19810301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19810101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19801101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19800901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19800701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19800501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19800301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19800101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19791101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19790901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19790701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19790501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19790301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19790101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19781101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19780901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19780701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19780501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19780301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19780101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19771101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19770901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19770701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19770501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19770301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19770101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19761001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19760701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19760401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19760101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19751001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19750701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19750401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19750101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19741001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19740701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19740401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19740101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19731001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19730701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19730401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19730101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19721001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19720601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19720401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19720101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19711001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19710601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19710401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19710101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19701001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19700601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19700401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19700101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19691001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19690601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19690401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19690101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19681001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19680601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19680401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19680101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19671001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19670601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19670401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19670101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19661001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19660601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19660401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19660101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19651201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19650901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19650601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19650301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19641201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19640901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19640601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19640301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19631201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19630901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19630601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19630301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19621201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19620901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19620601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19620301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19611201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19610901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19610601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19610301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19601201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19600901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19600601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19600301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19591201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19590901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19590601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19590301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19581201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19580901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19580601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19580301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19571201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19570901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19570601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19570301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19561201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19560901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19560601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19560301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19551201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19550901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19550601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19550301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19541201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19540901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19540601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19540301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19531201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19530901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19530601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19530301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19521201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19520901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19520601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19520301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19511201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19510901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19510601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19510301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19501201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19500901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19500601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19500301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19491201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19490901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19490601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19490301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19481201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19480901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19480601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/archaeology/19480301
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com