Ashrae Journal - October 2008 - 78

range of conditions. These results will have significant impact on practical OR design guidelines, but the impact will not be limited 09/08 – 08/10 to this one, albeit important, direct application. Other indirect advances will accruefrom the proposed research. The University of Colorado at Boulder detailed experimental results will be used to refine and improve the Principal Investigator: CFD modeling of OR air distribution, and the improved modeling John Zhai techniques can be applied to air distribution engineering elsewhere in health care, such as patient protection rooms and infection isolation TC 4. 10, Indoor Environment Modeling rooms, where similar unidirectional laminar flows are advisable. The Research Strategic improved engineering tools should be broadly useful in health care Plan Goals Supported: and in similar application such as industrial clean rooms. 1418-RP 09/07 – 08/09 University of MissouriKansas City Principal Investigator: Brian Fricke TC 10.7, Commercial Food Display and Storage Equipment Co-Funding: ARTI Research Strategic Plan Goals Supported: A1, A4, A6, A7, C6, D1, D4 1402-RP 09/08 – 08/10 University of Nevada –Las Vegas Principal Investigator: Douglas Reynolds TC2. 6, Sound and Vibration Control Research Strategic Plan Goals Supported: A6, B2 1408-RP 04/08 – 03/11 University of Texas –Austin Principal Investigator: Atila Novoselac TC 4. 7, Energy Calculations Research Strategic Plan Goals Supported: A6, A1, A2, C3, C 1416-RP Comparison of Vertical Display Cases An estimated cooling load reduction of 50-70% on a typical eight foot case may be expected from using doors on vertical medium temperature cases (Faramarzi 2002). This reduction in load corresponds to a potential 11-15% reduction in both annual energy use and peak electric kW for a typical supermarket (ADL 1996). On a nationwide scale, DOE estimates total supermarket refrigeration Analysis of Transient Characteristics, Effectiveness, and energy use is about 0.33 quads/yr. Assuming 80% of stores eventuOptimization of Cleanroom Airlocks. 12/07 – 11/10 The specific objectives of this proposed research are as follows:(1)esally adopt doors on vertical cases, the savings would be about 0.04 ENGSYSCO, Inc. tablish quantitative relationships between airlock parameters and its quads/yr. This savings would be a significant contribution toward Principal Investigator: effectiveness. Conduct experiments in a selected cleanroom test lab ASHRAE’s goal of reducing supermarket energy use by 30%. Energy Wei Sun and gather test data for various conditions; (2) develop a CFD model savings from doors may be achieved both from the smaller cooling loads and from the ability to use higher evaporating temperatures TC 9.1, Large Building Air to simulate test conditions, and the model needs to be validated and Conditioning Systems calibrated; and (3) utilize the results from field tests and CFD analysis to achieve the same product temperature. Another benefit is that the medium temperature compressor rack size can be reduced by Research Strategic Plan and establish the airlock design guidelines, identify the cost-effective Goals Supported: A6, approaches (such as better contamination result, energy saving about 15% as well, resulting in a lower first cost to the supermarket. B2, B3 and space saving) for performance improvement, and establish the Although product temperature is outside the scope of this proposed research, food safety can also be improved by reducing the wide preliminary method of airlock performance evaluation. variations in product temperatures that are observed in open cases. Reduced product temperature ranges can bring about easier compliance with the 41°F (5°C) product temperature requirements of NSF Simplified Thermal Model With Experiments to Design standard NSF/ANSI 7-2001 and the 2005 FDA food code. Doors Optimized Chilled Ceiling and Positive Displacement 09/06 – 08/08 Ventilation System also reduce cold air spillage in shopping aisles. This will increase American University The first objective of this work is to develop and validate a simplified shopper comfort, which may translate into increased sales. Further, of Beirut plume-multilayer model to simulate air flow and associated heat and doors will prevent partial cooling and dehumidification of the store Principal Investigator: moisture transport within a radiant cooled enclosure with positive by the refrigeration system. Instead, it will allow the HVAC system, Nesreen Ghaddar displacement ventilation (PDV) in presence of transient loads. which operates at higher evaporator temperatures and COPs, to TC 5.3, Room Air cool and dehumidify the store more efficiently if needed. However, The second objective is to use the plume-multilayer model to set Distribution guidelines for sizing and recommending optimal operational paramthese savings and benefits will not be realized if door cases cannot Research Strategic Plan eters for a combined chilled-ceiling and PDV air conditioning system penetrate into the market. By developing a study that quantifies the Goals Supported: A1, adapted to local weather conditions of Beirut and Kuwait. benefits and disadvantages of medium temperature reach-in cases A6, B2, C1, C3, E1, E2 equipped with doors, ASHRAE will help the industry to shift the The third objective of the work is to conduct real-time exmarket to more sustainable options. periments in Lebanon and Kuwait to test optimal control strategies derived from the proposed optimal operational parameters for minimum energy consumption. The Effect of Lining Length on the Insertion Loss of Acoustical Duct Liner in Sheet Metal Ductwork. Experimental Evaluation ofTwo-Phase Pressure Drops and Flow The incremental sound attenuation values (expressed in dB/ft Patterns in U-Bends for R-134a, R-410A, and Ammonia and dB/m) for acoustically lined ductwork found in the ASHRAE 09/07 – 08/10 (1) Review state-of-art of single-phase and two-phase pressure drops Handbook—HVAC Applications are based on tests conducted on Swiss Federal Institute of and flow patterns in U-bends and develop independent database a very small sample of duct sizes, and are misleading in that they Technology from other publications; (2) Modify the actual flow boiling LTCM permit the assumption thatliner attenuation is linearly proportional Principal Investigator: test facility in order to perform pressure drop measurements and to duct length. The proposed research will help TC 2. 6 modify the John Thome flow pattern visualizations in U-bends. (3) Perform experimental incremental attenuation values to show how they depend on duct TC 1. 3, Heat Transfer test matrix on U-bends for two bend radii using four tube diameters length so that air distribution system designers can minimize the and Fluid Flow, TC 5.4, with the refrigerants R-134a, R-410A and ammonia to obtain U-bend use of acoustical duct liner while achieving the necessary noise Air-to-Refrigerant Heat pressure drop data and its effect on the pressure drops in a straight reduction that it provides. Transfer Equipment and tube downstream of the U-bend; (4) Determine the flow pattern TC 8.5, Liquid-to-Refrig- at the outlet of the U-bend; (5) Develop new prediction methods erant Heat Exchangers incorporating two-phase flow patterns in order to predict pressure Development of Internal Surface Convection Correlations for Research Strategic Plan drops in the U-bends and its effect on the straight tube pressure drop Energy and Load Methods Goals Supported: A6, with attention to U-bend radius effects for vapor qualities up to 0.9 The objectives will be achieved by performing room-scale experiC6, C7, D1, D2, D3 and mass velocities of 100, 230 and 300 kg/m2s, as an extension to ments that indirectly measure the convective heat flux for a simulated wall and window. The correlations will be developed from meaour recent straight tube flow pattern based model. surements taken in a well instrumented and controlled room-scale laboratory. Convection correlations for both system cooling and Energy Effeciency and Cost Assessment of Humidity Control heating applications will be developed from the measured data. The Options for Residential Buildings. 09/08 – 08/10 The primary goal of this project is to improve the level of understandexperiments will be conducted in a room whose boundary conditions Building Science ing concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the technology simulate a cooling situation. The correlations for system cooling will Corporation options and HVAC design approaches that may be extensively apconsider the interaction of the mechanically driven jet with buoyant Principal Investigator: plied in humid climates and other circumstances where latent loads wall jets due to hot walls and windows. For scope considerations, Armin Rudd comprise a larger-than-typical portion of the total cooling requireexperiments need not be conducted in a room whose boundary TC 6.3, Central Forced ment. This project will have four parts: The project team will develop conditions simulate a heating situation. However, the bidder must Air Heating and Cooling a list of equipment types and system approaches that can provide propose a method to develop convection correlations for heating Systems humidity control in residential buildings, with emphasis on all types applications based upon the cooling measurements and heat transfer Co-funding: $50,000 of humid climates. The team will examine field data from Buildtheory. A parametric set of experiments will be performed to provide ARTI ing America and other sources to identify promising approaches data for a range o f room configurations. Research Strategic Plan to humidity control. The project team will perform limited model Goals Supported: A1, development in areas where gaps remain in the ability to model A2, B2, C6, D1 the latent performance of some systems. The team will perform Optimizing the Trade-Off Between Grid Resolution and Simulation Accura
Ashrae Journal - October 2008

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Ashrae Journal - October 2008

Ashrae Journal - October 2008
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
ASHRAE HQ Dedication Booklet
ASHRAE Rebuilds HQ to Reflect Mission
Feature Articles
ASHRAE's Living Lab
Meetings and Shows
Sizing Pipe Using Life-Cycle Costs
Feature Articles
Energy-Efficient Data Centers: A Close-Coupled Row Solution
The Future of 90.1
Ventilation Standard for Health Care Facilities
Grosvenor Humidity Chart
ASHRAE Research Report
ASHRAE Honor Roll
Building Sciences
Special Products
Emerging Technologies
Product Showplace
Classified Advertisting
Advertising Index
Ashrae Journal - October 2008 - Ashrae Journal - October 2008
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Contents