ASHRAE Journal - November 2019 - 16

TECHNICAL FEATURE

TABLE 3 Benchmark EUI Values (ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013, kBtu/year·ft2).
CLIMATE HI-RISE MID-RISE HOSPITAL LARGE SMALL LARGE MEDIUM SMALL OUTPATIENT
ZONE
APT
APT
HOTEL HOTEL OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE
CLINIC

FAST RESTAURANT
FOOD

STAND STRIP PRIMARY SECONDARY WAREHOUSE
ALONE MALL SCHOOL
SCHOOL
RETAIL

Miami

1A

45.7

41.6

124.9

96.2

59.1

73.5

35.9

31.0

125.9 485.6

316.8

46.6

49.8

53.7

46.7

11.3

Houston

2A

43.7

40.5

123.6

92.3

57.9

69.9

34.2

29.9

121.4 518.5

331.3

45.1

51.3

53.6

43.0

12.8

Phoenix

2B

45.3

42.2

116.0

89.1

57.5

71.2

35.0

31.2

116.2 507.5

332.9

49.5

52.9

51.3

44.9

15.7

Memphis,
Tenn.

3A

46.8

43.0

124.2

92.2

58.6

70.9

34.4

29.5

119.9 558.6

355.0

44.5

53.4

55.0

42.3

15.5

El Paso, Texas

3B

42.2

40.1

115.1

83.5

56.1

69.0

31.2

29.3

108.1 514.8

331.2

45.6

48.0

47.0

41.4

13.9

San Francisco

3C

36.1

35.6

109.0

77.4

53.6

59.3

26.4

25.9

100.0 523.0

324.2

37.1

41.2

43.7

36.0

14.9

Baltimore

4A

48.1

44.7

124.7

87.9

59.7

71.0

33.5

28.2

114.5 584.8

441.2

43.7

56.0

55.4

39.9

18.0

Albuquerque,
N.M.

4B

44.5

42.0

112.6

83.2

57.0

69.0

30.8

28.8

106.6 538.4

341.4

46.0

48.0

48.0

42.6

15.8

Salem, Mass.

4C

44.5

41.9

115.2

82.8

56.8

63.8

30.2

27.3

103.8 568.7

368.3

44.8

51.3

49.8

43.3

16.9

Chicago

5A

54.0

49.7

127.8

91.3

63.2

75.1

37.0

28.5

116.8 645.8

418.4

45.7

64.6

57.4

40.7

22.8

Boise, Idaho

5B

47.2

44.3

118.9

85.1

58.6

69.3

32.0

29.8

107.2 591.9

378.8

49.3

54.9

51.4

46.7

17.9

Vancouver,
Wash.

5C

45.2

42.8

116.3

83.0

57.3

63.8

30.4

26.9

102.8 589.8

381.6

45.7

54.3

49.4

38.2

18.4

Burlington, Vt.

6A

54.9

50.9

128.9

91.6

64.4

76.0

37.3

29.5

117.3 678.2

441.2

46.3

67.9

58.5

40.0

23.9

Helena, Mont.

6B

50.1

47.3

121.5

88.1

61.7

74.1

34.3

29.2

111.1 650.1

417.8

45.0

61.3

53.9

38.5

20.8

Duluth, Minn.

7

61.1

56.1

131.7

94.7

68.6

79.4

33.6

32.1

121.1 750.3

489.8

49.9

75.9

61.8

41.7

32.3

Fairbanks,
Alaska

8

70.5

65.4

146.3

114.6

78.0

69.4

41.5

39.6

140.6 908.9

601.4

61.9

98.2

79.4

56.9

32.4

FIGURE 2 Benchmark EUI × PEI (Energy Index) Values (Standard 90.1-2013).

3,500
3,000
2,500
EI

2,000
1,500
1,000
500

1A 2A 2B 3A 3B 3C 4A 4B 4C 5A 5C 6A 5B 6B 7 8

ranges can have similar PEI ranges, as further seen in
Figure 1.
Figure 2 presents what happens when PEI is multiplied by EUI for each climate zone and building type to
determine the energy index (EI). A higher value indicates more opportunity for regulated energy savings
16

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Secondary School
Warehouse

Strip Mall
Primary School

Fast Food

Restaurant
Stand-Alone Retail

Small Office
Output Clinic

Small Hotel

Large Office
Med. Office

Hi-Rise Apt.
Mid-Rise Apt.
Hospital
Large Hotel

Secondary School
Warehouse

Strip Mall
Primary School

Fast Food

Restaurant
Stand-Alone Retail

Small Office
Output Clinic

Small Hotel

0.0
Large Office
Med. Office

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

Hi-Rise Apt.
Mid-Rise Apt.
Hospital
Large Hotel

PEI

FIGURE 1 Benchmark PEI values (Standard 90.1-2013).

1A 2A 2B 3A 3B 3C 4A 4B 4C 5A 5C 6A 5B 6B 7 8

optimization. For example, say Building A has an EUI of
100, a PEI of 2.0, and EI of 200. Contrast this to Building
B which has a EUI of 100, a PEI of 1.5, and EI of 150.
While both have the same energy use intensity, Building
A shows more potential for additional optimization of
energy use.
ASHRAE Journal - November 2019

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