ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 57

TECHNICAL FEATURE
output of 1.5 W. It should be noted that all simulations
were performed for 3 ACH.
Unlike UV-C irradiance and UV-C dose, reduction
in risk is not linear. The net impact of increased
UV-C dose on the reduction in infection probability
decreases with increasing the UV-C output.
Increasing the UV-C input by 54% (from 13 to 20 mW/
m3), the average survival fraction reduced by about
20% (from 0.56 to 0.45). This is due to the exponential
decay relationship between the survival fraction and
the UV-C dose as shown by Equation 1b.
It should be noted that the airfl ow patterns and the
resulting mean age of air remained the same in all the
cases. This could be a limiting factor in improving the
UV-C performance. Modifi cations in the locations and
number of supply and returns diffusers might help in
increasing the residence time of pathogens in the UV-C
zone. It should be noted that the infection risk cannot
be reduced to zero, which is practically not possible for
indoor spaces without effective source control strategies.
Conclusion
The wavelength band of 200-280 nm of UV-C
radiation can destroy the reproduction ability of
microorganisms including viruses, bacteria and
fungi. The UV-C dose, which is the product of the
UV-C irradiance and the residence time of the
microbes in the UV-C fi eld, is the most crucial factor
affecting the effi cacy of upper-room UVGI systems.
Several factors related to the UV fi xtures, HVAC layout
and the resulting airfl ow fl ow patterns can affect the
performance of upper-room UVGI applications.
Using CFD analyses, this work systematically
evaluated the impact of UV-C intensities on the
effectiveness of an upper room UVGI system. It
demonstrated that with the addition of a small UV-C
output (about 5 mW/m3), the average probability of
infection due to airborne pathogens can reduced by
27% and limit the spread of infection probability only
in the vicinity of an infected individual. Increasing
the UV-C output showed a further reduction in the
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J U N E 2 0 2 3 ashrae .o rg ASHRAE JOURNAL
57

http://www.ruskin.com http://ashrae.org

ASHRAE Journal - June 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - June 2023

Contents
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 3
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 6
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - June 2023 - Cover4
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