ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 54
TECHNICAL FEATURE
FIGURE 1 Sketch of a multiroom HVAC plant with air recirculation.
Air Handling Unit
External Air Intake
Recirculation damper
Air Exhaust
Room1
with 1 infected
subject
Volume V1
Ducts for recirculated air
SOURCE: AICARR
Additional NS-1 rooms with
NS-1 susceptible
subjects
All with volume V1
Ducts for primary and
recirculated air
FIGURE 2 Probability of infection for each asymptomatic individual after 8 h.
FIGURE 3 Number of susceptible individuals infected after 8 h.
post office and a bank.4 In that article, the
value assumed for the quanta emission rate
is q = 142 quanta h−1, associated with pulmonary
rate p = 0.96 m3h−1 (0.57 cfm).6 In a preprint
version of the same article, the value
assumed for the quanta emission rate is q =
147 quanta h−1, associated with pulmonary
rate p = 0.54 m3h−1 (0.32 cfm).
In subsequent work, the same authors
presented a novel approach for quantitative
assessment of the infection risk based on the
determination, through Monte Carlo simulations,
of the probability density
functions of quanta emission rate
q, of quanta concentration CI and of
infectious quanta inhaled by a susceptible
individual.6 For a simplified
estimate such as the one used
in this work, they suggest adopting
for the asymptomatic infected
individual's quanta emission rate
the 66th percentile of the quanta
emission rate q of their probability
density function. The 66th percentile
q values for oral breathing
during resting, oral breathing during
heavy activity, speaking during
light activity and singing (or loudly
speaking) during light activity are
0.72, 4.9, 9.7 and 62 quanta
h−1, respectively.6
In the same paper,
Buonanno et al. make a
retrospective assessment of
two documented COVID-19
outbreaks: in a restaurant
in Guangzhou, China, and
at a choir rehearsal in the
Skagit Valley in Washington
State, US.6 In the restaurant
outbreak, the backward
calculation of the contagious
individual's quanta
emission rate yields q = 61
quanta h−1; this value is
above the 93rd percentile
value (57.6 quanta h−1) of
54
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ASHRAE Journal - July 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - July 2023
Contents
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - BB1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - BB2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 3
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - 6
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ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - July 2023 - Cover4
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