ASHRAE Journal - April 2023 - 42

TECHNICAL FEATURE
FIGURE 6 Contribution of weighted heating and cooling ECI to national cost by building classification.
Cool
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
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0.05
0.00
Weighted Energy Cost Index
laboratory fume hoods and residential lighting have all
become regulated. Further expansion to commercial
cooking equipment, compressed air systems and other
industrial processes is being considered. Additional
supporting efforts might include adding submetering
or measurement and verification requirements for
unregulated loads. Codes might also address additional
unregulated loads if their reduction can be indicated on
construction drawings and verified by field inspection
or via performance-based standards.
* Space cooling and lighting are the top two regulated
end uses remaining after Standard 90.1-2019. Future code
changes directly impacting them will have an important
impact on reducing the national energy cost of commercial
buildings. Apartment and medical buildings are top
candidates for further national energy use reductions.
* Considering currently regulated loads, code
changes that directly impact heating in Climate Zone 5
and cooling in Climate Zones 2 and 3 have the most
significant potential for nationwide savings.
* Equipment energy use, renewable energy generation,
demand response and other load management
strategies will need to be included in future energy
codes if net-zero energy and net-zero emission energy
code goals are to be met.
Additional Information
An Excel workbook containing detailed results is available
at: https://www.energycodes.gov/sites/default/files/
42
ASHRAE JOURNAL ashrae.o rg
A P R I L 2023
documents/2019EndUseTables.zip. An open-source webpage
featuring the data and additional analysis is available
at https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/doebecp/
viz/2019EndUseAnalysisViz-Copy/Introduction
References
1. U.S. DOE. Undated. Building Energy Codes Program. U.S.
Department of Energy Building Technologies Office. https://www.
energycodes.gov
2. U.S. DOE. Undated. " Commercial Prototype Building Models. "
U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Office. https://
www.energycodes.gov/prototype-building-models#Commercial
3. Zhang, J., M. Rosenberg, J. Lerond, C. Nambiar, et al. 2021.
" Energy Savings Analysis: ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2019.
PNNL-31488. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. https://
tinyurl.com/bdfjdjs8.
4. Lei, X., J. Butzbaugh, Y. Chen, J. Zhang, M. Rosenberg. 2020.
" Development of National New Construction Weighting Factors for
the Commercial Building Prototype Analyses (2003- 2018). " Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory. https://tinyurl.com/34u4p8d5
5. Thornton, B., M. Rosenberg, E. Richman, et al. 2011. " Achieving
the 30% Goal: Energy and Cost Savings Analysis of ASHRAE
Standard 90.1-2010. " Pacific Northwest National Lab. https://
tinyurl.com/4vym9tf2
6. Goel, S., R. Athalye, W. Wang, et al. 2014. " Enhancements
to ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Prototype Building Models. " Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory. https://tinyurl.com/3pwk7pfx
7. EIA. Undated. " 2003 CBECS Survey Data. " Energy Information
Administration. https://tinyurl.com/2p9x2k4r
8. DOE. Undated. EnergyPlus. U.S. Department of Energy. https://
energyplus.net/
9. Nambiar, C., R. Hart, Y. Xie. 2019. " End-Use Opportunity
Analysis Based on Standard 90.1-2016. " Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory. https://tinyurl.com/4z9bye6d
10. EPA. 2022. " Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator. " https://
tinyurl.com/2b65uykr
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
Heat
Type
Non-Residential
Residential
Semi-Heated
Climate Zone

https://www.energycodes.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2019endusetables.zip https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/doebecp/viz/2019EndUseAnalysisViz-Copy/Introduction https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/doebecp/viz/2019EndUseAnalysisViz-Copy/Introduction http://www.energycodes.gov http://www.energycodes.gov http://www.energycodes.gov/prototype-building-models#Commercial http://www.energycodes.gov/prototype-building-models#Commercial http://tinyurl.com/bdfjdjs8 http://tinyurl.com/bdfjdjs8 https://tinyurl.com/34u4p8d5 http://tinyurl.com/4vym9tf2 http://tinyurl.com/4vym9tf2 https://tinyurl.com/3pwk7pfx https://tinyurl.com/2p9x2k4r http://www.energyplus.net/ http://www.energyplus.net/ https://tinyurl.com/4z9bye6d http://tinyurl.com/2b65uykr https://www.energycodes.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2019endusetables.zip http://tinyurl.com/2b65uykr

ASHRAE Journal - April 2023

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